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Nephrotic Syndrome I : Introduction01:24

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Nephrotic Syndrome is a chronic kidney disorder defined by clinical findings such as severe proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, hyperlipidemia, and edema. These symptoms result from damage to the glomeruli, the kidney’s filtering units, increasing their permeability to proteins.Definition and Meaning:Proteinuria, defined as the loss of more than 3.5 grams of protein per day in adults, is a crucial feature of nephrotic syndrome. This condition is often accompanied by edema, the accumulation of...
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Acute Coronary Syndrome I: Introduction01:30

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Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) encompasses a spectrum of heart conditions caused by sudden obstruction of coronary arteries, typically resulting from the rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque and subsequent thrombus (blood clot) formation. This obstruction can lead to partial or complete blockage of blood flow, causing varying degrees of myocardial ischemia or infarction.ACS includes the following clinical entities:Unstable Angina (UA)Non-ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (NSTEMI)ST-Elevation...
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Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is characterized by functional disturbances in the gastrointestinal system, presenting a cluster of symptoms without evident structural or biochemical abnormalities. It primarily affects the large intestine and may cause abdominal pain, bloating, excessive gas, diarrhea, constipation, or both.
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Nursing Assessment:Nursing management of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) involves taking the patient's history, focusing on primary complaints such as chest pain, dyspnea, and excessive sweating (diaphoresis), as well as other symptoms like back or jaw pain, nausea, vomiting, palpitations, dizziness, and fatigue. The nurse also reviews the patient's history of cardiac events, risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes, smoking, family history, and current medications.In the objective assessment,...
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IntroductionNephrotic syndrome is a kidney disorder marked by excessive protein loss in the urine, leading to various systemic complications. This condition often results from damage to the glomeruli—the kidney's filtering units—causing proteinuria, low blood protein levels, and fluid retention. Understanding the assessment, diagnosis, and management of nephrotic syndrome is essential for effective treatment and prevention of further kidney damage.AssessmentPatient History: Document...
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Updated: Jan 29, 2026

Modifying the Bank Erosion Hazard Index BEHI Protocol for Rapid Assessment of Streambank Erosion in Northeastern Ohio
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Recurrent corneal erosion syndrome.

Shawn Rong Lin1, Anthony J Aldave2, James Chodosh3

  • 1Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Howe Laboratory, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

The British Journal of Ophthalmology
|February 15, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Recurrent corneal erosion syndrome (RCES) involves a dysfunctional corneal ecosystem, often stemming from trauma or degeneration. Newer therapies offer improved management for this challenging condition.

Keywords:
corneacornea erosionepithelial basement membrane degenerationepithelial recurrent erosion dystrophy

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Corneal Diseases
  • Epithelial Biology

Background:

  • Recurrent corneal erosion syndrome (RCES) is characterized by a dysfunctional corneal epithelial ecosystem.
  • It frequently follows trauma or occurs with epithelial basement membrane issues.
  • Historically viewed as structural, RCES is now also understood as a disorder of corneal epithelial cell biology involving neuropeptides.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the etiology and pathogenesis of RCES.
  • To provide an update on current and emerging treatment modalities for RCES management.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of RCES etiology, pathogenesis, and treatments.
  • Synthesis of recent findings on corneal epithelial biology and neuropeptide roles.

Main Results:

  • RCES involves a breakdown in the corneal epithelial ecosystem.
  • Neuropeptides play a significant role in corneal homeostasis and RCES pathogenesis.
  • Newer therapies show promise for improved RCES management.

Conclusions:

  • RCES is a complex disorder with both structural and cellular/molecular components.
  • Understanding the role of neuropeptides is crucial for RCES pathogenesis.
  • Emerging treatments offer improved efficacy for managing RCES.