Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Urologic Endoscopic Procedure: Cystoscopic Examination01:28

Urologic Endoscopic Procedure: Cystoscopic Examination

2.8K
Meaning of Cystoscopic Examination:Cystoscopy is an essential diagnostic tool in urology that is used to assess the structure and function of the genitourinary system. It provides a direct view of the urethra, bladder, and, in some cases, the ureteral openings. This procedure helps detect structural abnormalities, infections, cancers, and blockages in the urinary tract. There are two types of cystoscopy:Flexible cystoscopy is commonly performed in outpatient settings due to its less invasive...
2.8K
Attitudes01:54

Attitudes

33.2K
Attitude is our evaluation of a person, an idea, or an object. We have attitudes for many things ranging from products that we might pick up in the supermarket to people around the world to political policies. Typically, attitudes are favorable or unfavorable: positive or negative (Eagly & Chaiken, 1993). And, they have three components: an affective component (feelings), a behavioral component (the effect of the attitude on behavior), and a cognitive component (belief and knowledge;...
33.2K
Factorial Design02:01

Factorial Design

13.8K
Factorial Analysis is an experimental design that applies Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) statistical procedures to examine a change in a dependent variable due to more than one independent variable, also known as factors. Changes in worker productivity can be reasoned, for example, to be influenced by salary and other conditions, such as skill level. One way to test this hypothesis is by categorizing salary into three levels (low, moderate, and high) and skills sets into two levels (entry level...
13.8K
Correlation and Causation01:27

Correlation and Causation

42.4K
Statistical tests can calculate whether there is a relationship, or correlation, between independent and dependent variables. An indirect relationship of the variables signifies a correlation, while a direct relationship shows causation. If it is determined that no connection exists between the variables, then the correlation is a coincidence.
Correlation versus Causation
If the dependent variable increases or decreases when the independent variable increases, there is a positive or negative...
42.4K
Gene Evolution - Fast or Slow?02:05

Gene Evolution - Fast or Slow?

8.2K
The genomes of eukaryotes are punctuated by long stretches of sequence which do not code for proteins or RNAs. Although some of these regions do contain crucial regulatory sequences, the vast majority of this DNA serves no known function. Typically, these regions of the genome are the ones in which the fastest change, in evolutionary terms, is observed, because there is typically little to no selection pressure acting on these regions to preserve their sequences.
In contrast, regions which code...
8.2K
Gene Families01:57

Gene Families

9.9K
Gene families consist of groups of genes proposed to have originated from a common ancestor. Typically these arise through events in which a gene or genes are mistakenly duplicated during cell division. Unlike their parent genes (which are subject to selection pressure to maintain function), these gene copies do not need to preserve their sequences and may evolve at a relatively faster rate.
Occasionally these regions can be adapted to take on new roles within the organism, becoming novel genes...
9.9K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Improving Systems of Care for Immigrant and Refugee Girls: Weaving Personal Wisdom, Clinical Experience, and Advocacy to Promote Public Mental Health.

Child and adolescent psychiatric clinics of North America·2025
Same author

Improving Systems of Care for Immigrant and Refugee Girls: Weaving Culture and Data to Improve Clinical Care.

Child and adolescent psychiatric clinics of North America·2025
Same author

Clinical Considerations around the Development of Latinx Boys and Mental Health Outcomes.

Child and adolescent psychiatric clinics of North America·2025
Same author

Neuropsychiatric symptoms cluster as primary drivers of Long COVID complexity: a South Texas retrospective cohort study.

Frontiers in neurology·2025
Same author

Assessing Neuropsychiatric Symptoms in Long COVID: A Retrospective Cohort Study from a South Texas Long COVID Clinic.

medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences·2025
Same author

Associations between adverse childhood experiences and medical students' interest in careers: a single-setting study.

Frontiers in psychiatry·2025
Same journal

National Survey of Undergraduate and Graduate Medical Education Exposure to Correctional Psychiatry.

The journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law·2026
Same journal

Pregnancy Criminalization in the United States.

The journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law·2026
Same journal

In Reply.

The journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law·2026
Same journal

Letter.

The journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law·2026
Same journal

The American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law Practice Resource for Managing Violence in State Hospitals with Forensic Patients.

The journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law·2026
Same journal

Plea Bargaining Participation and Competency Evaluation Considerations.

The journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 29, 2026

Inducing the Entry of Third Stage Dispersal Juveniles of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus into Cryptobiosis Through Osmotic Regulation
05:15

Inducing the Entry of Third Stage Dispersal Juveniles of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus into Cryptobiosis Through Osmotic Regulation

Published on: December 27, 2024

711

Examining Racial Disparities in Juvenile Justice.

Barbara Robles-Ramamurthy1, Clarence Watson2

  • 1Dr. Robles-Ramamurthy is Assistant Professor, Long School of Medicine, University of Texas Health San Antonio, Texas. Dr. Watson is Director of the Forensic Psychiatry Fellowship and a Clinical Associate Professor of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA.

The Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law
|February 15, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Racial disparities persist throughout the juvenile justice system. This review examines legislative changes and data to understand the causes of disproportionate minority contact.

More Related Videos

A Novel Model of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury for Juvenile Rats
07:36

A Novel Model of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury for Juvenile Rats

Published on: December 8, 2014

24.4K
Handling and Tagging Techniques for Implanting Juvenile American Shad with a New Acoustic Microtransmitter
09:01

Handling and Tagging Techniques for Implanting Juvenile American Shad with a New Acoustic Microtransmitter

Published on: June 14, 2024

2.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 29, 2026

Inducing the Entry of Third Stage Dispersal Juveniles of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus into Cryptobiosis Through Osmotic Regulation
05:15

Inducing the Entry of Third Stage Dispersal Juveniles of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus into Cryptobiosis Through Osmotic Regulation

Published on: December 27, 2024

711
A Novel Model of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury for Juvenile Rats
07:36

A Novel Model of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury for Juvenile Rats

Published on: December 8, 2014

24.4K
Handling and Tagging Techniques for Implanting Juvenile American Shad with a New Acoustic Microtransmitter
09:01

Handling and Tagging Techniques for Implanting Juvenile American Shad with a New Acoustic Microtransmitter

Published on: June 14, 2024

2.9K

Area of Science:

  • Juvenile Justice Research
  • Racial Disparities in Law
  • Sociology of Crime

Background:

  • Persistent racial disparities at all juvenile justice processing stages.
  • Concerns regarding differential treatment and selection of youth based on race.
  • Previous research on manifest injustice in Washington State.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Review national legislative changes addressing disproportionate minority contact.
  • Analyze data and hypotheses explaining racial disparities in the juvenile justice system.
  • Synthesize current understanding of the causes of these disparities.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of legislative changes.
  • Analysis of existing data on juvenile justice processing.
  • Examination of hypotheses on racial disparity causation.

Main Results:

  • Legislative reforms have been enacted nationally to combat disproportionate minority contact.
  • Data and theoretical frameworks offer insights into the mechanisms driving racial disparities.
  • Understanding of the multifaceted nature of these disparities has advanced.

Conclusions:

  • Addressing racial disparities in the juvenile justice system requires ongoing legislative and analytical efforts.
  • Further research is needed to fully elucidate and mitigate the complex factors contributing to these disparities.
  • The review highlights progress and identifies areas for continued focus in achieving equitable justice outcomes.