Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Expected Value01:15

Expected Value

7.8K
The expected value is known as the "long-term" average or mean. This means that over the long term of experimenting over and over, you would expect this average. The expected average is represented by the symbol μ. It is calculated as follows:
7.8K
The Evidence for Evolution02:55

The Evidence for Evolution

48.0K
Genetic variations accumulating within populations over generations give rise to biological evolution. Evolutionary changes can result in the formation of novel varieties and entire new species. These changes are responsible for the diverse forms of life inhabiting the planet. The evidence for evolution suggests that all living organisms descended from common ancestors.
48.0K
Convergent Evolution01:54

Convergent Evolution

32.8K
Evolution shapes the features of organisms over time, ensuring that they are suited for the environments in which they live. Sometimes, selection pressure leads to the rise of similar but unrelated adaptations in organisms with no recent common ancestors, a process known as convergent evolution.
32.8K
Determination of Expected Frequency01:08

Determination of Expected Frequency

2.6K
Suppose one wants to test independence between the two variables of a contingency table. The values in the table constitute the observed frequencies of the dataset. But how does one determine the expected frequency of the dataset? One of the important assumptions is that the two variables are independent, which means the variables do not influence each other. For independent variables, the statistical probability of any event involving both variables is calculated by multiplying the individual...
2.6K
Eukaryotic Evolution01:24

Eukaryotic Evolution

40.8K
The endosymbiont theory is the most widely accepted theory of eukaryotic evolution; however, its progression is still somewhat debated. According to the nucleus-first hypothesis, the ancestral prokaryote first evolved a membrane to enclose DNA and form the nucleus. Conversely, the mitochondria-first hypothesis suggests that the nucleus was formed after endosymbiosis of mitochondria.
Contrary to the endosymbiont theory, the eukaryote-first hypothesis proposes that the simpler prokaryotic and...
40.8K
Synteny and Evolution02:31

Synteny and Evolution

3.8K
John H. Renwick first coined the term “synteny” in 1971, which refers to the genes present on the same chromosomes, even if they are not genetically linked. The species with common ancestry tend to show conserved syntenic regions. Therefore, the concept of synteny is nowadays used to describe the evolutionary relationship between species.
Around 80 million years ago, the human and mice lineages diverged from the common ancestor. During the course of evolution, the ancestral...
3.8K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Free functional muscle transfer in children: A long-term case series from a single microsurgical unit.

Journal of hand and microsurgery·2026
Same author

Nerve Transfer Versus Tendon Transfer for Isolated Radial Nerve Palsy.

Hand (New York, N.Y.)·2025
Same author

Endogenous T cell responses to fusion-derived neoantigens in pediatric acute leukemias.

Leukemia·2025
Same author

Highly cross-reactive and competent effectors dominate the CD8+ T cell response in Trypanosoma cruzi infection.

Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)·2025
Same author

Evaluation of the results of reconstruction of large bony defects of humerus using vascularized bone grafts.

Journal of hand and microsurgery·2025
Same author

Lower trapezius transfer to infraspinatus in cases of sequelae of obstetric brachial plexus injury.

BMC musculoskeletal disorders·2024
Same journal

Imaging Evaluation of Structural Changes in the Cisterna Magna Region Associated with Cervical Flexion in Cockatiels.

International journal of veterinary science and medicine·2026
Same journal

Enhancing Accuracy and Efficiency of Canine Synovial Fluid Analysis with Hyaluronidase Pretreatment and Automated Analyzer.

International journal of veterinary science and medicine·2026
Same journal

Neonatal Blood Count Data of Piglets in Modern and Traditional Breeds following Spontaneous or Hormonally Induced Parturition.

International journal of veterinary science and medicine·2026
Same journal

Novel LC-MS/MS Method for Monitoring Perfluoroalkyl and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Companion Animal Blood Plasma and Serum: Environmental and Health Implications.

International journal of veterinary science and medicine·2026
Same journal

Biomechanical Comparison of Paraosseous Clamp-cerclage Fixation and External Fixators in the Surgical Repair of Long-bone Fractures in Cats.

International journal of veterinary science and medicine·2026
Same journal

The Synergistic Effect of Tanabesol and Calcium Hydroxide on <i>Cryptosporidium parvum</i> Oocyst Inactivation.

International journal of veterinary science and medicine·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 29, 2026

Molecular Evolution of the Tre Recombinase
12:02

Molecular Evolution of the Tre Recombinase

Published on: May 29, 2008

10.1K

Brucellosis: Evolution and expected comeback.

Amr El-Sayed1, Walid Awad1

  • 1Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.

International Journal of Veterinary Science and Medicine
|February 15, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Brucellosis causes significant economic losses and remains a major zoonotic disease globally. New atypical Brucella species and human-to-human transmission suggest a potential comeback, necessitating novel control strategies.

Keywords:
BrucellaEvolutionGenotypingMalta feverRe-emergeZoonoses

More Related Videos

Daily Transfers, Archiving Populations, and Measuring Fitness in the Long-Term Evolution Experiment with Escherichia coli
15:00

Daily Transfers, Archiving Populations, and Measuring Fitness in the Long-Term Evolution Experiment with Escherichia coli

Published on: August 18, 2023

4.3K
Author Spotlight: Understanding Microbe Adaptation Using Innovative Techniques for Exploring Thermophilic Evolution
08:11

Author Spotlight: Understanding Microbe Adaptation Using Innovative Techniques for Exploring Thermophilic Evolution

Published on: June 14, 2024

1.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 29, 2026

Molecular Evolution of the Tre Recombinase
12:02

Molecular Evolution of the Tre Recombinase

Published on: May 29, 2008

10.1K
Daily Transfers, Archiving Populations, and Measuring Fitness in the Long-Term Evolution Experiment with Escherichia coli
15:00

Daily Transfers, Archiving Populations, and Measuring Fitness in the Long-Term Evolution Experiment with Escherichia coli

Published on: August 18, 2023

4.3K
Author Spotlight: Understanding Microbe Adaptation Using Innovative Techniques for Exploring Thermophilic Evolution
08:11

Author Spotlight: Understanding Microbe Adaptation Using Innovative Techniques for Exploring Thermophilic Evolution

Published on: June 14, 2024

1.4K

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Infectious Diseases
  • One Health

Background:

  • Brucellosis poses substantial global economic challenges due to reduced animal productivity and disease control costs.
  • Despite eradication in industrialized nations, it remains a prevalent zoonotic disease, with over 500,000 annual human cases, primarily in developing countries.
  • Brucella's characteristics, including low infectious dose, environmental persistence, aerosol transmission, and antibiotic resistance, classify it as a potential bioterrorism agent.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the evolution of Brucella species and identify factors contributing to the potential resurgence of brucellosis.
  • To highlight the urgent need for innovative disease control strategies and measurements.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on Brucella evolution, epidemiology, and transmission dynamics.
  • Analysis of factors contributing to the re-emergence of brucellosis, including novel species and human-to-human transmission.

Main Results:

  • Brucellosis continues to cause significant economic losses worldwide, particularly in developing countries.
  • Emergence of atypical Brucella species with novel genetic traits and documented human-to-human transmission indicate a heightened risk.
  • The bacterium's inherent properties facilitate its spread and complicate treatment, increasing its potential for widespread outbreaks.

Conclusions:

  • Brucellosis remains a critical public health and economic concern, with factors suggesting a potential comeback.
  • Urgent development of new control concepts and measurements is essential to mitigate the threat of brucellosis resurgence.