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Risk assessment and prediction for toxic heavy metals in chestnut and growth soil from China

Shutian Wu¹, Yuewen Zheng¹, Xianbin Li²

¹Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Fuyang, China.

Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture

|February 15, 2019

Abstract

Background:

Toxic heavy metals (THMs) cause severe environmental hazards and threaten human health through various consumption of food stuff. However, little is known of THMs in chestnuts. In this study, the risk assessment and prediction of THMs [lead (Pb), arsenic (As), chromium (Cr), cadmium (Cd) and mercury (Hg)] in chestnuts and growth soils from China were investigated.

Results:

The main detected THMs in chestnuts and growth soils were As and Cd. The total pollution levels of the five THMs (Nemerow pollution indexes, NPIs) were 0.062 and 1.06, respectively. The dietary risks for children were higher than those of adults, especially short-term non-carcinogenic risk. The main combined risks from the relationships between THMs were Pb-Cr (r = 0.85, P < 0.01) in chestnuts and Pb-As (r = 0.59, P < 0.01) in growth soils. The risk source was found to be the uptake effect of THMs from soil to chestnut, with the highest bioaccumulation factors (BCFs) of Cd (0.254). Several comprehensive risk models were established with the highest coefficient of determination (R² ) of 0.79. In addition, the main contribution rates of different soil parameters to comprehensive risk of THMs uptake were 49.8% (Cd), 23.4% (pH), 13.8% (Cr) and 13.0% (organic carbon).

Conclusion:

The total pollution levels of THMs fell outside of the safety domain in growth soils. Furthermore, more attention needs to be paid to Cd pollution owing to its low environment background value and high accumulation ability. Three main soil parameters (Cr content, pH, organic carbon) played important roles in the formations and accumulations of THMs in chestnuts. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.

Keywords:

chestnut prediction model risk assessment soil toxic heavy metal

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