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Anti-tumour activity of oncolytic reovirus against canine histiocytic sarcoma cells

Masaya Igase1, Kazuha Shousu2, Noriyuki Fujiki2

  • 1Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics, The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan.

Veterinary and Comparative Oncology
|February 15, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Oncolytic reovirus shows promise for treating canine histiocytic sarcoma. This novel therapy demonstrated significant anti-tumour effects in cell lines and animal models, warranting further clinical trials.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Oncology
  • Viral Oncology
  • Cancer Therapeutics

Background:

  • Canine histiocytic sarcoma is a fatal cancer with limited treatment options.
  • Current first-line therapy, lomustine, offers incomplete tumor regression.
  • Novel therapeutic strategies are urgently needed for canine histiocytic sarcoma.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the anti-tumour effects of oncolytic reovirus against canine histiocytic sarcoma.
  • To evaluate reovirus efficacy in vitro and in vivo models.

Main Methods:

  • Assessed reovirus oncolytic activity in canine histiocytic sarcoma cell lines.
  • Evaluated reovirus replication and apoptosis induction.
  • Tested reovirus efficacy via intra-tumoural injection in mouse models.
  • Determined factors influencing susceptibility to reovirus-induced cell death.

Main Results:

  • Reovirus exhibited oncolytic activity in canine histiocytic sarcoma cell lines.
  • Reovirus replicated and induced caspase-dependent apoptosis in cancer cells.
  • Intra-tumoural reovirus injection completely suppressed tumor growth in vivo.
  • Susceptibility correlated with type I interferon expression.

Conclusions:

  • Oncolytic reovirus demonstrates significant efficacy against canine histiocytic sarcoma.
  • Reovirus warrants further investigation in early-stage clinical trials for this disease.
Keywords:
cancerdoghistiocytic sarcomainnate immunityreovirus

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