Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Raman Spectroscopy: Overview01:20

Raman Spectroscopy: Overview

1.5K
The underlying principle of Raman spectroscopy is based on the interaction between light and matter, specifically molecules' inelastic scattering of photons. When a monochromatic beam of light, typically from a laser source, interacts with a sample, most scattered light has the same frequency as the incident light. This is known as Rayleigh scattering.
However, a small fraction of the scattered light exhibits a frequency shift due to the exchange of energy between the incident photons and...
1.5K
Raman Spectroscopy Instrumentation: Overview01:26

Raman Spectroscopy Instrumentation: Overview

1.2K
A conventional Raman spectrophotometer includes a laser source, a sample holding system, a wavelength selector, and a detector.
The monochromatic laser source, typically using visible or near-infrared radiation, generates a highly focused beam of light. This light interacts with the molecules of the sample, scattering some of the light. Liquid and gaseous samples are usually tested in ordinary glass capillaries, while solids can be analyzed as powders packed in capillaries or as potassium...
1.2K
Balancing Redox Equations02:58

Balancing Redox Equations

61.9K
Electrochemistry is the science involved in the interconversion of electrical and chemical reactions. Such reactions are called reduction-oxidation, or redox reactions. These important reactions are defined by changes in oxidation states for one or more reactant elements and include a subset of reactions involving the transfer of electrons between reactant species. Electrochemistry as a field has evolved to yield sufficient insights on the fundamental principles of redox chemistry and multiple...
61.9K
Redox Reactions01:24

Redox Reactions

58.7K
Oxidation-reduction or redox reactions involve the transfer of electrons from one molecule or atom to another. When an atom gains an electron, another atom must lose an electron, meaning oxidation and reduction must occur together. Since the redox occurs in pairs, the atom that gets oxidized is also called the reducing agent or reductant, and the atom that is reduced is also called the oxidizing agent or oxidant. A straightforward way to remember the definitions of oxidation and reduction is...
58.7K
Redox Reactions01:27

Redox Reactions

1.0K
Redox reactions are vital biochemical processes that underpin energy metabolism in cells. These reactions involve the transfer of electrons between molecules, occurring in tandem as oxidation and reduction. Oxidation refers to the loss of electrons, while reduction denotes their gain. This coupling ensures the seamless flow of electrons through metabolic pathways. For example, in bacterial metabolism, glucose undergoes oxidation to carbon dioxide, while oxygen is simultaneously reduced to...
1.0K
Redox Equilibria: Overview01:23

Redox Equilibria: Overview

1.6K
A reduction-oxidation reaction is commonly called a redox reaction. In a redox reaction, electrons are transferred from one species to another rather than being shared between or among atoms. The reducing agent or reductant is the species that loses electrons and gets oxidized in the process. The species that gains electrons and gets reduced in the process is the oxidizing agent or oxidant. Redox reactions are represented as two separate equations called half-reactions, where one equation...
1.6K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

The Role of Defect Geometry in Localized Emission from Monolayer Tungsten Dichalcogenides.

ACS nano·2026
Same author

Nonadiabatic Dynamics of Photoinduced Hydrogen Dissociation on Plasmonic Au Nanoparticles: How Hot Carrier Excitation Leads to Bond Breaking.

ACS nano·2026
Same author

Infrared Spectroelectrochemical Insights into Rhenium-Based Supramolecular Assemblies for Electron Storage and Transfer.

Inorganic chemistry·2026
Same author

Real-Time Electron-Electron Scattering Dynamics in Plasmonic Nanostructures.

ACS nano·2026
Same author

Phonon modulation of strongly coupled gold tetrahedral plasmonic nanoparticles and a carbocyanine J-aggregate.

Nanoscale·2026
Same author

Atomically Precise Nanoclusters as SERS Probes.

Nano letters·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 29, 2026

Optical Trapping of Plasmonic Nanoparticles for In Situ Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Characterizations
06:19

Optical Trapping of Plasmonic Nanoparticles for In Situ Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Characterizations

Published on: June 23, 2022

3.0K

In Situ Nanoscale Redox Mapping Using Tip-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy.

Gyeongwon Kang1, Muwen Yang1, Michael S Mattei1

  • 1Department of Chemistry , Northwestern University , Evanston , Illinois 60208 , United States.

Nano Letters
|February 15, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Electrochemical atomic force microscopy tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (EC-AFM-TERS) reveals nanoscale redox differences on electrode surfaces. This technique maps formal potential with high spatial resolution, uncovering variations crucial for electrocatalysis.

Keywords:
Nernst equationTip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS)nanoscale electrochemical imagingsite-dependent electrochemistry

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Tracking Electrochemistry on Single Nanoparticles with Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Spectroscopy and Microscopy
10:59

Author Spotlight: Tracking Electrochemistry on Single Nanoparticles with Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Spectroscopy and Microscopy

Published on: May 12, 2023

3.4K
Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Detection of Biomolecules Using EBL Fabricated Nanostructured Substrates
11:44

Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Detection of Biomolecules Using EBL Fabricated Nanostructured Substrates

Published on: March 20, 2015

21.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 29, 2026

Optical Trapping of Plasmonic Nanoparticles for In Situ Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Characterizations
06:19

Optical Trapping of Plasmonic Nanoparticles for In Situ Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Characterizations

Published on: June 23, 2022

3.0K
Author Spotlight: Tracking Electrochemistry on Single Nanoparticles with Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Spectroscopy and Microscopy
10:59

Author Spotlight: Tracking Electrochemistry on Single Nanoparticles with Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Spectroscopy and Microscopy

Published on: May 12, 2023

3.4K
Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Detection of Biomolecules Using EBL Fabricated Nanostructured Substrates
11:44

Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Detection of Biomolecules Using EBL Fabricated Nanostructured Substrates

Published on: March 20, 2015

21.2K

Area of Science:

  • Electrochemistry
  • Surface Science
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Understanding nanoscale electrochemical heterogeneity is vital for optimizing electrode performance in various applications.
  • Traditional methods often lack the spatial resolution to probe these localized differences.
  • Atomic force microscopy and tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy offer potential for high-resolution surface analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce and demonstrate electrochemical atomic force microscopy tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (EC-AFM-TERS) for in situ nanoscale redox mapping.
  • To spatially resolve local heterogeneity in redox behavior on mixed Au/ITO electrode surfaces.
  • To construct a formal potential (E0') map with nanoscale resolution.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized EC-AFM-TERS to map the redox activity of Nile Blue molecules on Au(111) nanoplate and ITO substrates.
  • Acquired TERS intensity maps at various applied potentials to observe redox contrast.
  • Applied Nernstian fitting to TERS intensity data at each pixel to generate an E0' map.
  • Correlated E0' maps with AFM friction images for high-resolution analysis of individual ITO grains.

Main Results:

  • EC-AFM-TERS successfully mapped nanoscale redox contrast between Au and ITO surfaces.
  • Achieved a spatial resolution of 81 nm for TERS line scans and ~40 nm for E0' mapping of ITO grains.
  • Identified a statistically significant 4 mV difference in formal potential between Au and ITO.
  • Observed electrochemical heterogeneity on polycrystalline ITO, indicated by a bimodal E0' distribution, attributed to local surface charges.

Conclusions:

  • EC-AFM-TERS provides unprecedented site-specific electrochemical information at the nanoscale with millivolt precision.
  • This technique overcomes the limitations of ensemble spectroelectrochemical methods for resolving local redox behavior.
  • The findings highlight the impact of nanoscale surface features on electrochemical properties and have implications for electrocatalysis research.