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The Role of Early Life Food Sensitization in Adolescent Lung Function: Results from 2 Birth Cohort Studies

Shatha Alduraywish1, Agnes Luzak2, Caroline Lodge3

  • 1Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Prince Sattam Chair for Epidemiology and Public Health Research, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. in Practice
|February 15, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Early food sensitization in infants is linked to reduced lung function in adolescence. This association persists even without subsequent asthma or aeroallergen sensitization, identifying at-risk children for poor lung health.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Allergy and Immunology
  • Respiratory Medicine
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • The relationship between early-life food sensitization and later lung function remains unclear.
  • Understanding this link is crucial for identifying children at risk of respiratory issues.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between food sensitization in the first two years of life and lung function at 12-18 years.
  • To determine if aeroallergen sensitization or asthma mediates these associations.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from the Melbourne Atopy Cohort Study (MACS) and the LISAplus cohort.
  • Assessed food sensitization at 6, 12, and 24 months and lung function via spirometry at 12-18 years.
  • Employed linear regression models to analyze associations, adjusting for confounders.

Main Results:

  • Food sensitization at 6 and 12 months was associated with reduced forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) in adolescence.
  • Early-life asthma partially mediated the association, but aeroallergen sensitization did not.
  • Aeroallergen sensitization at 24 months, but not food sensitization, was linked to lower adolescent lung function.

Conclusions:

  • Early food sensitization (at 6 and 12 months) is associated with diminished adolescent lung function (FEV1).
  • The link between early food sensitization and reduced lung function is not fully explained by subsequent asthma or aeroallergen sensitization.
  • Early food sensitization serves as a novel indicator for identifying children at high risk for poor lung health.
Abstract

Keywords:
AtopyFEV(1)FEV(1)/FVC ratioFVCFood sensitizationLung functionSpirometry

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