Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Protein Buffers in Blood Plasma and Cells01:20

Protein Buffers in Blood Plasma and Cells

3.8K
The human body utilizes protein buffer systems to maintain a stable pH. These systems capitalize on the dual role of amino acids, which can act as acids or bases by accepting or releasing hydrogen ions in response to pH changes. Protein buffer systems are particularly significant in the extracellular fluid (ECF) and intracellular fluid (ICF) of active cells, where structural and functional proteins provide substantial buffering capacity.
Certain amino acids can exist in a zwitterion state at a...
3.8K
EPS and iPS Cells in Disease Research01:21

EPS and iPS Cells in Disease Research

3.4K
Embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells are excellent models for disease research because of their ability to self-renew and differentiate into most cell types. Somatic cells from a patient are isolated and reprogrammed into induced pluripotent stem cells or iPSCs. These iPSCs are later differentiated into the desired cell type, which mirrors the diseased cell of the patient. In this way, disease models have been created for investigating diseases such as Down syndrome, type I diabetes,...
3.4K
Composition of Blood Plasma01:24

Composition of Blood Plasma

8.4K
Blood plasma is a fluid that contains approximately 92% water and 8% solutes. The solutes include various types of proteins, which constitute about 7% of the total solutes in the plasma. The high-molecular-weight proteins—albumins, globulins, and fibrinogen—are essential to plasma function. Albumins, making up about 60% of the plasma proteins, maintain the osmotic balance within blood vessels by preventing excessive water leakage. Additionally, albumins serve as carrier proteins,...
8.4K
Enlargement of the Plasma Membrane01:22

Enlargement of the Plasma Membrane

2.3K
Cell division and enlargement are processes that require precise control. The control ensures that cell division cannot proceed unless the cell has grown to a specific size. A spherical, dividing cell requires an approximately 1.6X increase in its surface area to double its volume. The secretory pathway also has a significant role in cell membrane enlargement. Secretory vesicles that bud off from the Golgi apparatus and later fuse with the plasma membrane during exocytosis are a major source of...
2.3K
Plasma Membrane in Bacteria and Archaea01:27

Plasma Membrane in Bacteria and Archaea

1.7K
The plasma membrane is an essential cellular structure responsible for maintaining cellular integrity and regulating the selective transport of molecules. While bacteria and archaea share the fundamental function of plasma membranes, their structural and molecular differences reflect adaptations to distinct ecological and physiological challenges.Bacterial Plasma MembranesBacterial plasma membranes are predominantly composed of phospholipids with fatty acid chains ester-linked to a glycerol...
1.7K
Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease01:30

Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease

1.0K
Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, commonly known as IBD, refers to a collection of disorders that lead to persistent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. The two types of IBD are ulcerative colitis, which impacts the colon, and Crohn's disease, which can involve any part of the gastrointestinal segment.
Crohn's disease
Crohn's disease is a chronic, systemic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that predominantly affects the gastrointestinal tract. It is marked by...
1.0K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Cutaneous diseases caused by monoclonal immunoglobulin and/or free light chains (monoclonal gammopathy of cutaneous significance).

Klinicka onkologie : casopis Ceske a Slovenske onkologicke spolecnosti·2026
Same author

Changes in hemostasis and other disorders caused by monoclonal immunoglobulin and/or free light chains.

Klinicka onkologie : casopis Ceske a Slovenske onkologicke spolecnosti·2026
Same author

Treatment of Castleman disease from the perspective of the year 2026.

Klinicka onkologie : casopis Ceske a Slovenske onkologicke spolecnosti·2026
Same author

Polyclonal hypergammaglobulinemia, infiltration of the salivary glands, lymphadenopathy, and kidney damage - Mikulicz's disease, Sjögren's syndrome, or Castleman's disease? Case report and overview of differential diagnosis and treatment.

Klinicka onkologie : casopis Ceske a Slovenske onkologicke spolecnosti·2026
Same author

Monoclonal gammopathy of clinical significance - a group name for diseases caused by monoclonal immunoglobulin and/ or free light chains. A change in the approach to non-malignant gammopathies.

Klinicka onkologie : casopis Ceske a Slovenske onkologicke spolecnosti·2025
Same author

Precision medicine in hemato-oncology - treatment of refractory multiple myeloma with massive extramedullary involvement using BRAF/ MEK inhibitors.

Klinicka onkologie : casopis Ceske a Slovenske onkologicke spolecnosti·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 29, 2026

Assessment of the Metabolic Profile of Primary Leukemia Cells
06:21

Assessment of the Metabolic Profile of Primary Leukemia Cells

Published on: November 21, 2018

11.0K

Plasma Cell Leukemia –  the Forgotten Dis­ease

M Žárska, D Vrábel, R Bezdekova

    Klinicka Onkologie : Casopis Ceske a Slovenske Onkologicke Spolecnosti
    |February 16, 2019
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Plasma cell leukemia (PCL) is an aggressive blood cancer. This review focuses on PCL diagnostics, treatment, and circulating plasma cell features to improve patient outcomes.

    Keywords:
    or services used in the study. The Editorial Board declares that the manuscript met the ICMJE recommendation for biomedical papers. Submited: 2. 11. 2018 Accepted: 18. 11. 2018plasma cell leukemia -  multiple myeloma -  plasma cells -  cytogenetics -  treatment This work was supported by grant NV18-03-00203. The authors declare they have no potential conflicts of interest concerning drugsproducts

    More Related Videos

    Murine Model of Leukemia Relapse to Induction Chemotherapy for Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
    08:31

    Murine Model of Leukemia Relapse to Induction Chemotherapy for Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

    Published on: October 17, 2025

    619
    Author Spotlight: Identification and Isolation of Quiescent Leukemia Stem Cells from Zebrafish T-ALL
    06:41

    Author Spotlight: Identification and Isolation of Quiescent Leukemia Stem Cells from Zebrafish T-ALL

    Published on: July 19, 2024

    1.4K

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Jan 29, 2026

    Assessment of the Metabolic Profile of Primary Leukemia Cells
    06:21

    Assessment of the Metabolic Profile of Primary Leukemia Cells

    Published on: November 21, 2018

    11.0K
    Murine Model of Leukemia Relapse to Induction Chemotherapy for Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
    08:31

    Murine Model of Leukemia Relapse to Induction Chemotherapy for Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

    Published on: October 17, 2025

    619
    Author Spotlight: Identification and Isolation of Quiescent Leukemia Stem Cells from Zebrafish T-ALL
    06:41

    Author Spotlight: Identification and Isolation of Quiescent Leukemia Stem Cells from Zebrafish T-ALL

    Published on: July 19, 2024

    1.4K

    Area of Science:

    • Hematology
    • Oncology

    Background:

    • Plasma cell leukemia (PCL) is a rare and aggressive form of monoclonal gammopathy.
    • It presents as primary PCL (de novo) or secondary PCL (from multiple myeloma), with distinct profiles but similar aggressive courses.
    • Current diagnostic criteria may underestimate PCL prevalence, necessitating re-evaluation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review available information on PCL.
    • Emphasis on diagnostics, treatment strategies, and circulating plasma cell characteristics.
    • To consolidate current knowledge on this rare hematologic malignancy.

    Main Methods:

    • Comprehensive literature review.
    • Analysis of diagnostic criteria and therapeutic approaches.
    • Examination of cytogenetic and molecular profiles.

    Main Results:

    • PCL is a severe disease with limited data from small retrospective studies.
    • Current treatments, including stem cell transplantation, proteasome inhibitors, and immunomodulatory drugs, have improved survival.
    • Distinct cytogenetic and molecular profiles exist between primary and secondary PCL.

    Conclusions:

    • Despite advancements, PCL remains a challenging diagnosis and treatment.
    • Further research is crucial to enhance understanding of PCL pathogenesis and improve patient survival.
    • Prospective studies and re-evaluation of diagnostic criteria are recommended.