Nasal soft tissue changes after two different approaches for surgically assisted rapid maxillary expansion

The aim of the study was to evaluate the nasal soft tissue changes in patients who underwent surgically assisted rapid maxillary expansion (SARME) using two different surgical approaches. Thirty-two patients were included in the study, and divided into two groups according to the type of surgical approach: in group A (n=17), SARME performed with standard Le Fort I circumvestibular approach with alar base cinch and anterior nasal spine (ANS) exposure; and in group B (n=15) operations were performed with the same standard Le Fort I circumvestibular approach with only alar base cinch. Measurements of height and width of the philtrum, nasal and subnasal width, and columella width were taken from three-dimensional facial images obtained before surgery (T1), after the distraction phase (T2) and 6 months postoperatively (T3). The mean maxillary expansion was 7.3±0.7mm for group A and 7.5±1.5mm for group B, without any significant difference between groups (P=0.59). Both groups presented an increase in all vaules in T2 and T3. The approach used in group A resulted in smaller changes in the columella width. The results of the present study show that there is no need for intraoperative releasing of the soft tissues around the anterior nasal spine during SARME if columella width is sufficient. However, further randomized studies based on large patient groups are needed before final conclusions on this topic can be reached.