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Acetylcholine Inhibits Platelet Activation.

John A Bennett1, Sara K Ture2, Rachel A Schmidt2

  • 1Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine (J.A.B., S.K.T., R.A.S., M.A.M., S.J.C., C.N.M., C.J.L.) and Department of Pharmacology and Physiology (L.E.T., D.I.Y.), University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York johna_bennett@urmc.rochester.edu.

The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
|February 16, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Acetylcholine inhibits human platelet activation, acting as an endogenous anti-thrombotic agent. This discovery suggests the cholinergic system could be a new target for developing antithrombotic therapies.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Hematology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Platelets are crucial in thrombosis, with known activators but fewer identified endogenous inhibitors like prostacyclin and nitric oxide (NO).
  • Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors can cause bleeding, but the mechanisms are unclear, prompting investigation into acetylcholine's role in platelet function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the hypothesis that acetylcholine is an endogenous inhibitor of human platelet activation.
  • To explore the role of the cholinergic system in regulating platelet activity and its potential as a therapeutic target.

Main Methods:

  • Ex vivo measurement of human platelet activation using acetylcholine and its analogs.
  • Assessing platelet activation via P-selectin translocation and glycoprotein IIb/IIIa conformational changes.
  • Evaluating the effects of acetylcholine receptor antagonists and acetylcholinesterase inhibitors on platelet activation.

Main Results:

  • Acetylcholine and its analogs demonstrated significant inhibition of human platelet activation.
  • Acetylcholine receptor antagonists enhanced platelet activation, while acetylcholinesterase inhibitors reduced it.
  • Nitric oxide (NO) was identified as the mediator of acetylcholine's inhibitory effect on platelets.

Conclusions:

  • Acetylcholine functions as an endogenous inhibitor of platelet activation.
  • The findings indicate that the cholinergic system represents a novel therapeutic target for antithrombotic strategies.