Allergic Reaction to Phenylephrine

Area of Science:

• Ophthalmology
• Allergology
• Pharmacology

Background:

• Phenylephrine is a widely used sympathomimetic agent, primarily found in over-the-counter nasal decongestants and ophthalmic solutions.
• Adverse reactions to phenylephrine, while uncommon, can occur and may manifest in various ways.
• Keratoconjunctivitis, characterized by inflammation of the cornea and conjunctiva, can have multiple etiologies.

Purpose of the Study:

• To report a rare case of bilateral keratoconjunctivitis.
• To investigate the potential link between phenylephrine exposure and the development of ocular inflammation.
• To increase awareness among clinicians regarding potential ocular side effects of phenylephrine.

Main Methods:

• Case report detailing a patient's clinical presentation and history.
• Review of patient's medical records, including medication history and symptom onset.
• Ophthalmological examination to diagnose and characterize the ocular condition.

Main Results:

• The patient developed bilateral keratoconjunctivitis following the administration of phenylephrine.
• Ocular symptoms were attributed to an allergic or hypersensitivity reaction to phenylephrine.
• Prompt diagnosis and management led to resolution of symptoms.

Conclusions:

• Phenylephrine can be a potential trigger for allergic keratoconjunctivitis.
• Clinicians should consider phenylephrine as a possible cause of acute bilateral eye inflammation in patients with relevant exposure.
• This case underscores the importance of thorough medication history in diagnosing and managing ocular surface diseases.