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Related Concept Videos

Abdominal Regions and Quadrants01:19

Abdominal Regions and Quadrants

To promote clear communication, for instance, about the location of a patient's abdominal pain or a suspicious mass, anatomists and clinicians typically use imaginary lines to categorize the abdominopelvic cavity into either four quadrants or nine regions to identify organs in the cavity.
The simpler quadrants approach, which is more commonly used in medicine, subdivides the cavity with one horizontal and one vertical line that intersects at the patient's umbilicus (navel). The four quadrants...
Muscles of the Abdomen01:21

Muscles of the Abdomen

The abdominal wall encircles the abdominal cavity, providing flexible protection and shielding the internal organs from harm. It is bordered at the top by the xiphoid process and costal margins, at the back by the vertebral column, and at the bottom by the pelvic bones and inguinal ligament. The abdominal wall is divided into two regions — the anterolateral and posterior regions.
Anterolateral Region
The anterolateral region comprises five paired muscles classified into the lateral and anterior...
Hiatal Hernia01:25

Hiatal Hernia

A hiatal hernia is the abnormal protrusion of the stomach or other abdominal organs through the esophageal hiatus of the diaphragm into the thoracic cavity.Normally, the gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) lies below the diaphragm and is supported by the phrenoesophageal membrane, the diaphragmatic crura, and connective tissues. Weakening of these structures—due to aging, congenital defects like a short esophagus, or increased intra-abdominal pressure from coughing, obesity, pregnancy, or heavy...
Diverticular Disease of the Colon01:27

Diverticular Disease of the Colon

Diverticular disease involves the formation of diverticula—small sac-like outpouchings of the colonic wall—and their complications. It most commonly affects the sigmoid colon due to higher intraluminal pressure and structural vulnerability. It results from structural weakness and increased pressure in the colon, producing pseudodiverticula that may remain silent or progress to inflammation and serious complications.Structure of DiverticulaIn diverticulosis, these outpouchings are...
Appendicitis01:19

Appendicitis

Appendicitis is an acute inflammatory condition of the vermiform appendix, most commonly caused by obstruction of its lumen. The appendix is a narrow, blind-ended pouch that extends from the cecum, making it particularly prone to obstruction. Causes include fecaliths, lymphoid hyperplasia (often after viral infections), parasites, tumors, or foreign bodies. This obstruction initiates a cascade of pathological changes.Luminal Obstruction and Early InflammationAfter obstruction, normal mucosal...
Portal Hypertension01:22

Portal Hypertension

Portal hypertension is an increase in blood pressure within the portal venous system. Normally, this pressure is less than 5 mmHg. It is considered clinically significant when it rises above 10 mmHg. At this threshold, complications from altered blood flow and venous congestion emerge.EtiologyPortal hypertension arises from conditions that impede blood flow through the liver. The most common cause is cirrhosis, in which chronic liver injury leads to fibrotic scarring. This fibrosis narrows or...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 24, 2026

Use of a Rat Model to Study Ventral Abdominal Hernia Repair
05:47

Use of a Rat Model to Study Ventral Abdominal Hernia Repair

Published on: October 2, 2017

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Right Paraduodenal Hernia.

Amanda Morales Joseph1, Dustin Huynh1, Philip Chaipis1

  • 1is a PGY-1 psychiatry resident at Medical University of South Carolina in Charleston. and are surgeons at William Jennings Bryan Dorn VAMC in Columbia, South Carolina.

Federal Practitioner : for the Health Care Professionals of the VA, Dod, and PHS
|February 16, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Clinical suspicion is crucial for preventing complications and mortality from paraduodenal hernias. Early diagnosis of this rare cause of small bowel obstruction is essential for patient outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Surgical Anatomy

Background:

  • Paraduodenal hernias are a rare but significant cause of small bowel obstruction.
  • These hernias can lead to serious complications if not promptly identified.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To emphasize the importance of clinical suspicion in diagnosing paraduodenal hernias.
  • To highlight the potential for severe outcomes associated with delayed diagnosis.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical presentations of patients with paraduodenal hernias.
  • Analysis of diagnostic challenges and management strategies.

Main Results:

  • Clinical suspicion is the primary factor in early detection.
  • Delayed diagnosis correlates with increased complications and mortality.

Conclusions:

  • Prompt clinical recognition of paraduodenal hernias is vital.
  • Vigilance is necessary to prevent adverse outcomes in patients with small bowel obstruction.