Nonrestorative sleep scale: reliable and valid for the Chinese population

Area of Science:

• Psychometric evaluation
• Sleep science
• Cross-cultural adaptation of health measures

Background:

• Nonrestorative sleep is a common complaint impacting quality of life.
• Existing sleep assessment tools may not be culturally validated for Chinese populations.
• The Nonrestorative Sleep Scale (NRSS) is a valuable measure of sleep quality.

Purpose of the Study:

• To linguistically and psychometrically evaluate a Chinese version of the Nonrestorative Sleep Scale (NRSS).
• To establish the reliability and validity of the Chinese NRSS for assessing nonrestorative sleep.

Main Methods:

• Forward-backward translation and cultural adaptation of the NRSS.
• Administration of the Chinese NRSS alongside established sleep and mental health scales (PSQI, AIS, CES-D, THAT) to 100 adults.
• Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and bifactor modeling to assess reliability and validity.

Main Results:

• The bifactor model demonstrated excellent fit indices (RMSEA=0.06, SRMR=0.06, CFI=0.97).
• Strong convergent validity was evidenced by significant correlations with PSQI, AIS, CES-D, and THAT.
• High reliability was confirmed through measures like coefficient omega (0.92) and factor determinacy (0.93), supporting essential unidimensionality.

Conclusions:

• The Chinese NRSS is a psychometrically sound and reliable instrument.
• It is suitable for assessing nonrestorative sleep within the Chinese population.
• This validated tool aids in understanding and addressing sleep disturbances in China.