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Related Concept Videos

Capillary Beds01:20

Capillary Beds

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Capillary beds are networks of tiny blood vessels that play a crucial role in the circulatory system. These beds are where the exchange of gases, nutrients, and waste products occurs between the blood and surrounding tissues. Each capillary bed consists of numerous capillaries, which are the smallest blood vessels in the body, typically only one cell-thick. This thinness allows for the efficient diffusion of substances.
Capillaries connect arterioles, small branches of arteries, to venules,...
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Capillary Exchange01:28

Capillary Exchange

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The cardiovascular system's chief role is to disseminate gases, nutrients, waste, and other substances to the body's cells. Small molecules like gases, lipids, and lipid-soluble substances directly diffuse through capillary wall endothelial cell membranes. Glucose, amino acids, and ions, including sodium, potassium, calcium, and chloride, use transporters for facilitated diffusion via membrane-specific channels. Glucose, ions, and bigger molecules may also pass through intercellular...
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Surface Tension, Capillary Action, and Viscosity02:57

Surface Tension, Capillary Action, and Viscosity

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Surface Tension
The various IMFs between identical molecules of a substance are examples of cohesive forces. The molecules within a liquid are surrounded by other molecules and are attracted equally in all directions by the cohesive forces within the liquid. However, the molecules on the surface of a liquid are attracted only by about one-half as many molecules. Because of the unbalanced molecular attractions on the surface molecules, liquids contract to form a shape that minimizes the number...
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Capillaries and Their Types01:20

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Capillaries, a crucial constituent of the circulatory system, are diminutive vessels with a diameter between 5–10 micrometers, accommodating perfusion to the tissues through the phenomenon known as microcirculation. Through their permeable walls, consisting of an endothelial layer ensconced by a basement membrane and sporadically dispersed smooth muscle fibers, the exchange of substances between the blood and the interstitial fluid becomes plausible. Variance in wall composition exists,...
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Capillary Electrophoresis: Instrumentation01:20

Capillary Electrophoresis: Instrumentation

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Capillary electrophoresis instrumentation typically consists of several key components. A high-voltage power supply generates the electric field necessary for the separation by connecting to an anode (the positively charged electrode) and a cathode (the negatively charged electrode) located in buffer reservoirs at each end of the capillary tube. The system includes a sample vial, a fused silica capillary tube coated with polyimide for mechanical strength through which the sample components...
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Characteristics of Practical Op Amps01:16

Characteristics of Practical Op Amps

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A difference amplifier, a crucial component in numerous electronic devices, ideally amplifies only the difference-mode signal, which is the difference between two input signals. However, in practical circuits, the output voltage depends on both the differential gain and the common-mode gain.
The ratio of differential gain to the common-mode gain is defined as the common-mode rejection ratio (CMRR). This ratio quantifies the ability of operational amplifiers (op-amps) to reject common-mode...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 29, 2026

V3 Stain-free Workflow for a Practical, Convenient, and Reliable Total Protein Loading Control in Western Blotting
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A practical workflow for capillary microsampling in nonclinical studies.

Linna Wang1, Bonnie Wang2, Kristina D Chadwick2

  • 1Bioanalytical Science, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ 08543, USA.

Bioanalysis
|February 16, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Small volume plasma samples (25 μl) in micronic tubes maintain integrity for one month at -20°C. This method supports reliable bioanalysis and multiple re-assays for nonclinical studies.

Keywords:
bioanalysiscapillary microsamplingnonclinical study

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Preclinical Research

Background:

  • Bioanalysis of small volume plasma samples is crucial for nonclinical studies.
  • Optimizing sample handling and storage is essential for data integrity.
  • Current methods may require larger sample volumes, posing challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the integrity of small volume plasma samples during storage.
  • To assess the feasibility and reliability of bioanalysis using minimal sample aliquots.
  • To validate a workflow for handling and analyzing small plasma volumes in GLP studies.

Main Methods:

  • Investigated sample handling procedures for 25 μl plasma samples.
  • Assessed sample integrity during long-term storage in 0.5-ml micronic tubes at -20°C.
  • Evaluated the feasibility of multiple re-assays using 5 μl aliquots per analysis.

Main Results:

  • Plasma sample integrity was maintained for up to one month of storage.
  • A 25 μl plasma sample volume was sufficient for four re-assays.
  • The bioanalytical workflow demonstrated feasibility and data reliability.

Conclusions:

  • Small volume plasma samples (25 μl) are suitable for storage up to one month at -20°C in micronic tubes.
  • The validated method allows for multiple re-assays, enhancing efficiency.
  • This approach supports Good Laboratory Practice (GLP) studies under FDA guidance.