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Updated: Jan 29, 2026

Shaping the Amplitude and Phase of Laser Beams by Using a Phase-only Spatial Light Modulator
Published on: January 28, 2019
Subtraction imaging by the combination of higher-order vector beams for enhanced spatial resolution
Abstract:
We demonstrate that the spatial resolution in confocal laser scanning microscopy is remarkably improved by simple image subtraction between images acquired by higher-order transverse modes of a cylindrical vector beam, referred to as radially and azimuthally polarized Laguerre-Gaussian mode beams. Two types of combinations of vector mode beams suitable for subtraction imaging are derived by a systematical study based on numerical calculations. The spatial resolution of about 100 nm is experimentally achieved without the degradation of image quality.
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