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Testing Sensory and Multisensory Function in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
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Slow segmentation of faces in Autism Spectrum Disorder.

C van den Boomen1, J J Fahrenfort2, T M Snijders3

  • 1Dept. of Experimental Psychology, Helmholtz Institute, 3584 CS Utrecht, the Netherlands; Dept. of Developmental Psychology, Utrecht University, 3584 CS Utrecht, the Netherlands.

Neuropsychologia
|February 16, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) show impaired visual segmentation of faces, not houses. This difficulty in face segmentation correlates with ASD traits and may stem from atypical brain connectivity.

Keywords:
ASDEEGFaceSegregation

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is associated with difficulties in social interaction and communication.
  • Atypical visual processing, including object perception, is frequently observed in individuals with ASD.
  • Impaired face perception is a common characteristic of ASD, but the underlying visual segmentation mechanisms are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate visual segmentation abilities for faces in individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD).
  • To determine if face segmentation deficits in ASD are specific compared to other visual stimuli.
  • To explore the relationship between face segmentation abilities, ASD traits, and neural activity.

Main Methods:

  • Electroencephalography (EEG) and behavioral responses were recorded from 30 participants (16 with ASD, 14 controls).
  • Participants viewed texture-defined faces, houses, and homogeneous images to assess visual segmentation.
  • The Autism Quotient (AQ) was used to quantify ASD traits and correlate with performance.

Main Results:

  • Participants with ASD exhibited delayed brain activity and longer reaction times for face segmentation compared to controls.
  • No significant differences in brain activity or reaction times were found for house segmentation.
  • Individual differences in face segmentation performance correlated with AQ scores, but not for house segmentation.

Conclusions:

  • Visual segmentation is selectively impaired for faces in individuals with ASD.
  • This impairment in face segmentation is linked to the degree of autistic traits.
  • Atypical connectivity, potentially involving the fusiform face area (FFA), may underlie delayed face processing in ASD.