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MicroRNA layer of MHC in infectious diseases

Sâmila Natiane Ferreira1, Mauro de Meira Leite1, Monique Suellen Lima da Silveira2

  • 1Human and Medical Genetics Laboratory, Federal University of Pará, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia de Agentes Infecciosos e Parasitários, Brazil.

Human Immunology
|February 16, 2019
PubMed

Insights

This study identifies 48 microRNA genes within the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) and reveals their significant association with infectious diseases, suggesting a coordinated immune response mechanism.

Area of Science:

  • Immunogenetics
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genomics

Background:

  • The Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) is crucial for immune responses and potentially useful for infectious disease biomarkers.
  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) within the MHC (MHC-miRNAs) and their roles in infections remain largely unexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize MHC-miRNA genes, their variability, and associations with infectious diseases.
  • To investigate the involvement of MHC-miRNA host and target genes in infectious disease pathogenesis.

Main Methods:

  • Database surveys and literature reviews to identify MHC-miRNA genes.
  • Analysis of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and copy number variation (CNV) in MHC-miRNAs.
  • Evaluation of associations between MHC-miRNAs, their host genes, and target genes with infectious diseases.

Main Results:

  • Identified 48 MHC-miRNA genes, many exhibiting high variability (SNP, CNV) potentially impacting expression.
  • Found a higher proportion of MHC-miRNAs associated with infections (23%) compared to general human miRNAs (4%).
  • Demonstrated that 57% of MHC-miRNAs target genes associated with infections, and host genes of 9 MHC-miRNAs were infection-associated, with shared targets.

Conclusions:

  • MHC-miRNAs are significantly implicated in infectious disease responses.
  • Genetic variability in MHC-miRNAs may influence susceptibility to infections.
  • A coordinated miRNA-mediated immune mechanism involving both host and target genes likely operates during infection.
Keywords:
Infectious diseasesMHCmicroRNAmicroRNA target and host genes

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