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First Report of Cactodera milleri in Wisconsin
N E Schroeder1, D J Gerhardt2, A Phibbs2
1Department of Plant Pathology, University of Wisconsin-Madison 53706.
Plant Disease
|February 17, 2019
Summary
The cyst nematode Cactodera milleri was identified in Wisconsin potato fields, marking its first detection in the state. This pest can be mistaken for the soybean cyst nematode, Heterodera glycines.
Area of Science:
- Plant Nematology
- Agricultural Entomology
- Crop Protection
Background:
- Continuous potato cultivation for 20 years in Wisconsin created conditions for nematode proliferation.
- Weed pressure, particularly from common lambsquarters (Chenopodium album), was noted in the affected plot.
- Previous research identified Cactodera spp. using PCR-RFLP analysis of the ITS 1 region.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify and characterize a cyst nematode population recovered from a Wisconsin potato field.
- To determine the host range of the identified nematode species.
- To establish the first record of Cactodera milleri in Wisconsin.
Main Methods:
- Soil samples were collected and analyzed for the presence of lemon-shaped cysts and second-stage juveniles.
- Morphological and morphometric analyses were performed on various life stages of the nematode.
- PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) profiling of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) 1 region was utilized for species identification.
- Growth chamber studies were conducted to assess the host range, including soybean, potato, beet, and common lambsquarters.
Main Results:
- Morphological and molecular data confirmed the presence of Cactodera milleri.
- Common lambsquarters (Chenopodium album) supported excellent nematode development and reproduction.
- Soybean, potato, and beet did not support nematode development.
- No aboveground disease symptoms were observed on infected lambsquarters.
Conclusions:
- This study reports the first occurrence of Cactodera milleri in Wisconsin.
- Cactodera milleri can be morphologically confused with Heterodera glycines, the soybean cyst nematode.
- The presence of common lambsquarters in glyphosate-resistant soybean fields increases the risk of co-infestation by both nematode species.
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