Longitudinal active sampling for respiratory viral infections across age groups.
Marta Galanti1, Ruthie Birger1, Minhaz Ud-Dean1
1Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York.
Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses
|February 17, 2019
Summary
Respiratory viral infections are common, with 17.5% of tested individuals infected. Children are the primary source of these infections, highlighting the need for further research into respiratory viruses.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Epidemiology
- Public Health
Background:
- Respiratory viral infections cause significant global morbidity and mortality.
- Current prevalence estimates are limited by reliance on syndromic surveillance.
- This study provides a more accurate characterization using regular testing regardless of symptoms.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze infection rates of respiratory viruses in a general population sample.
- To identify prevalence across different age groups and risk factors for susceptibility.
- To improve understanding beyond symptom-based surveillance.
Main Methods:
- Longitudinal sampling and analysis of 214 individuals in New York City (Fall 2016 - Spring 2018).
- Weekly nasal swab collection combined with personal information.
- Investigation of 18 respiratory viruses, focusing on prevalence and risk factors.
Main Results:
- 17.5% of all samples tested positive for respiratory viruses.
- Rhinovirus and coronavirus were the most frequently detected viruses.
- Children had the highest infection rates; adults with daily contact with children showed increased susceptibility.
Conclusions:
- Respiratory viral infections are highly prevalent, with most individuals experiencing multiple infections annually.
- Children are identified as the primary source of respiratory virus transmission.
- Findings support enhanced surveillance and investigation into viral pathogenicity.
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