Electrochemical sensor based on a nanocomposite prepared from TmPO₄ and graphene oxide for simultaneous voltammetric...

A nanocomposite is described that consists of TmPO₄ and graphene oxide (GO) and is used to modify a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) to obtain a sensor for simultaneous determination of ascorbic acid (AA), dopamine (DA) and uric acid (UA). GO and TmPO₄ were synthesized via the Hummers method and by a hydrothermal method, respectively. The nanocomposite was characterized by transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The electrochemical properties of the modified GCE were studied by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry. The good performance of the modified GCE results from the synergistic effects between GO with its good electrical conductivity and of TmPO₄ as the electron mediator that accelerates the electron transfer rate. Compared to a bare GCE, a GO/GCE and a TmPO₄/GCE, the GO/TmPO₄/GCE exhibits three well-defined and separated oxidation peaks (at -0.05, +0.13 and + 0.26 V vs. SCE). Responses to AA, DA and UA are linear in the 0.1-1.0 mM, 2-20 μM and 10-100 μM concentration ranges, respectively. Graphical abstract Schematic presentation of a nanocomposite that consists TmPO₄ and graphene oxide (GO) and is used to modify a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) to obtain a sensor for simultaneous determination of ascorbic acid (AA), dopamine (DA) and uric acid (UA).