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[Continuous spike-waves during slow-wave sleep: Experience during 20 years].

Laura Escobar Fernández1, Alejandra Coccolo Góngora1, María Vázquez López1

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Summary

Continuous spikes and waves during slow sleep (CSWS) in children can lead to cognitive issues. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial, as outcomes are poorer with earlier onset and longer duration.

Keywords:
Continuous spike-waves during sleepElectrical status epilepticus during slow wave sleepElectroencefalogramaElectroencephalogramEpilepsia rolándicaEstado epiléptico durante el sueñoLandau-Kleffner syndromePunta-onda continua durante el sueño lentoRolandic epilepsySíndrome Landau-Kleffner

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Neurology
  • Epileptology
  • Clinical Neurophysiology

Background:

  • Continuous spikes and waves during slow sleep (CSWS) is an EEG pattern observed in children, often linked to cognitive impairments.
  • CSWS can manifest within epileptic syndromes or benign epilepsy, necessitating further investigation into its characteristics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the epidemiological and clinical features of pediatric patients with CSWS.
  • To identify potential predictive factors influencing patient outcomes in CSWS.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective study was conducted on pediatric patients diagnosed with CSWS.
  • Data was collected from patients treated at a tertiary-level hospital between November 1997 and November 2017.

Main Results:

  • The study included 25 pediatric patients; 76% had neuroimaging abnormalities or psychomotor developmental disorders (secondary CSWS).
  • Mean age of CSWS onset was 6.7 years, with earlier onset in secondary CSWS cases. Antiepileptic drugs were effective in 36% of cases.
  • Remission occurred in 72% of patients, with longer remission associated with later onset. Sequelae, primarily cognitive and behavioral, were present in 33%.

Conclusions:

  • CSWS is a rare but challenging condition requiring close patient follow-up.
  • Early diagnosis and treatment are vital, particularly in cases associated with cognitive impairment, to improve outcomes.