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Related Concept Videos

Chromatin Position Affects Gene Expression02:35

Chromatin Position Affects Gene Expression

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Chromatin is the massive complex of DNA and proteins packaged inside the nucleus. The complexity of chromatin folding and how it is packaged inside the nucleus greatly influences  access to genetic information. Generally, the nucleus' periphery is considered transcriptionally repressive, while the cell's interior is considered a transcriptionally active area. 
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Gene expression is the process in which DNA directs the synthesis of functional products, that is, proteins. Cells can regulate gene expression at various stages. It allows organisms to generate different cell types and enables cells to adapt to internal and external factors.
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A gene is a stretch of DNA that serves as the blueprint for functional RNAs and proteins. Since DNA is comprised  of nucleotides and proteins are comprised of amino acids, a mediator is required to convert the information encoded in DNA into proteins. This mediator is the messenger RNA (mRNA). mRNA copies the blueprint from DNA by a process called transcription. In eukaryotes, transcription occurs in the nucleus by complementary base-pairing with the DNA template. The mRNA is then...
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Multicellular organisms contain a variety of structurally and functionally distinct cell types, but the DNA in all the cells originated from the same parent cells. The differences in the cells can be attributed to the differential gene expression. Liver cells, whose functions include detoxification of blood, production of bile to metabolize fats, and synthesis of proteins essential for metabolism, must express a specific set of genes to perform their functions. Gene expression also varies with...
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mRNA Stability and Gene Expression02:51

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The structure and stability of mRNA molecules regulates gene expression, as mRNAs are a key step in the pathway from gene to protein. In eukaryotes, the half-life of mRNA varies from a few minutes up to several days. mRNA stability is essential in growth and development. The absence of the proteins regulating its stability, such as tristetraprolin in mice, can cause systemic issues, including bone marrow overgrowth, inflammation, and autoimmunity.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 29, 2026

Using an Automated Cell Counter to Simplify Gene Expression Studies: siRNA Knockdown of IL-4 Dependent Gene Expression in Namalwa Cells
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Gene expression changes in cervical squamous cancers following neoadjuvant interventional chemoembolization.

Yonghua Chen1, Yuanyuan Hou1, Ying Yang1

  • 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Medical College, Qingdao University, Yantai 264000, Shandong, China.

Clinica Chimica Acta; International Journal of Clinical Chemistry
|February 18, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Trans-uterine arterial chemoembolization (TUACE) significantly alters gene expression in advanced cervical cancer. These molecular changes offer insights for developing new cervical cancer treatment strategies.

Keywords:
AKAP12CA9Cervical cancerChemoembolizationMicroarray

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Cervical cancer therapy efficacy depends on molecular and signaling network changes.
  • Understanding these alterations is crucial for treatment advancement.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate gene expression changes in advanced cervical cancers before and after trans-uterine arterial chemoembolization (TUACE).

Main Methods:

  • Microarray analysis of gene expression in three cervical cancer samples pre- and post-TUACE.
  • Quantitative real-time PCR to validate changes in AKAP12 and CA9 gene expression.

Main Results:

  • Distinct gene expression patterns were observed between pre- and post-TUACE samples.
  • 1131 differentially expressed genes (209 up-regulated, 922 down-regulated) were identified.
  • Real-time PCR confirmed microarray findings.

Conclusions:

  • TUACE therapy induces significant gene expression signature changes in cervical cancer.
  • These molecular alterations provide a basis for novel therapeutic strategies.