Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 29, 2026

A Strategy for the Study of IL-9-Producing Lymphoid Cells in the Nippostrongylus brasiliensis Infection Model
08:38

A Strategy for the Study of IL-9-Producing Lymphoid Cells in the Nippostrongylus brasiliensis Infection Model

Published on: March 3, 2023

1.7K

The Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology of CTX-M-9 Group Producing Enterobacteriaceae Infections in Children

Latania K Logan1,2,3, Rachel L Medernach4,5, T Nicholas Domitrovic6,7

  • 1Pediatrics, Rush University Medical Center, Rush Medical College, Chicago, IL, USA. Latania_Logan@rush.edu.

Infectious Diseases and Therapy
|February 18, 2019
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

CTX-M-9 group-producing Enterobacteriaceae infections are emerging in children, often linked to community factors rather than hospital exposure. This highlights the role of the local environment in spreading these resistant pathogens.

Area of Science:

  • Medical Microbiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae (Ent) infections are a growing global concern.
  • CTX-M-type ESBL-Ent are a major driver of this pandemic.
  • The epidemiology of CTX-M-9 group-producing Ent (CTX-M-9-grp-Ent) infections in children requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To define the epidemiology of CTX-M-9-grp-Ent infections in pediatric populations.
  • To identify clinical and epidemiological predictors associated with CTX-M-9-grp-Ent infections in children.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective matched case-control study of children with CTX-M-9-grp-Ent infections at three Chicago hospitals.
  • Cases: children with extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant (ESC-R) Ent due to blaCTX-M-9.
  • Controls: children with ESC-susceptible Ent, matched by age, source, and hospital.

Main Results:

  • CTX-M-9-group was the sole beta-lactamase gene in 12.4% of ESC-R Ent isolates from children.
  • E. coli (91%) from virulent phylogroups D and B2 predominated.
  • Infections were more common in E. coli, non-Black-White-Hispanic children, and outpatients, with geographic variations in Chicago.

Conclusions:

  • CTX-M-9-grp-Ent infections in children are associated with patient residence and occur outside traditional inpatient settings.
  • The community environment appears to be a significant factor in the spread of these resistant pathogens among children.
Keywords:
ChildrenDrug resistanceEnterobacteriaceae infectionsEpidemiologyGram-negative bacteria

More Related Videos

Determining Soil-transmitted Helminth Infection Status and Physical Fitness of School-aged Children10:57

Determining Soil-transmitted Helminth Infection Status and Physical Fitness of School-aged Children

Published on: August 22, 2012

24.3K
Analysis of the Epithelial Damage Produced by Entamoeba histolytica Infection11:49

Analysis of the Epithelial Damage Produced by Entamoeba histolytica Infection

Published on: June 12, 2014

19.2K

Related Concept Videos

Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis01:25

Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis

Endocarditis can present various clinical features depending on the causative organism and the patient's underlying health conditions. Initially, the clinical features of infective endocarditis develop gradually, presenting with nonspecific symptoms that can be easily mistaken for other illnesses.General SymptomsEarly symptoms of infective endocarditis are fever, chills, weakness, malaise, fatigue, and weight loss. These symptoms reflect the systemic nature of the infection and the body's...
492
Introduction to Epidemiology01:26

Introduction to Epidemiology

Epidemiology, known as the cornerstone of public health, involves studying the distribution and determinants of health-related events in defined populations and applying these insights to control health issues. This is essential for understanding how diseases spread, identifying populations at greater risk, and implementing measures to control or prevent outbreaks. Epidemiology addresses not only infectious diseases but also non-communicable conditions like cancer and cardiovascular disease,...
1.8K
Causality in Epidemiology01:21

Causality in Epidemiology

Causality or causation is a fundamental concept in epidemiology, vital for understanding the relationships between various factors and health outcomes. Despite its importance, there's no single, universally accepted definition of causality within the discipline. Drawing from a systematic review, causality in epidemiology encompasses several definitions, including production, necessary and sufficient, sufficient-component, counterfactual, and probabilistic models. Each has its strengths and...
1.5K
Study Designs in Epidemiology01:20

Study Designs in Epidemiology

Epidemiological study designs are fundamental tools for investigating the distribution, determinants, and control of health conditions in populations. They help researchers understand the relationships between exposures and outcomes, and they broadly fall into two categories: "observational" and "experimental" studies.
Observational studies are those where the researcher does not intervene but rather observes natural variations. They include cross-sectional, cohort, and...
954
Confounding in Epidemiological Studies01:27

Confounding in Epidemiological Studies

Confounding in statistical epidemiology represents a pivotal challenge, referring to the distortion in the perceived relationship between an exposure and an outcome due to the presence of a third variable, known as a confounder. This variable is associated with both the exposure and the outcome but is not a direct link in their causal chain. Its presence can lead to erroneous interpretations of the exposure's effect, either exaggerating or underestimating the true association. This...
783
Bias in Epidemiological Studies01:29

Bias in Epidemiological Studies

Biases can arise at various stages of research, from study design and data collection to analysis and interpretation. Recognizing and addressing these biases is essential to ensure the validity and reliability of epidemiological findings.Broadly speaking, biases in epidemiology fall into three main categories: selection bias, information bias, and confounding. A more detailed description of possible biases is:  
1.3K