Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 29, 2026

A Quantitative Sensory Testing Paradigm to Obtain Measures of Pain Processing in Patients Undergoing Breast Cancer Surgery
Published on: January 18, 2018
Pain Characteristics and Pain Interference Among Patients Undergoing Open Cardiac Surgery
Purpose:
The aim of this study was to analyze postoperative pain severity, pain characteristics, and factors that affect pain for patients undergoing open cardiac surgery.
Design:
A descriptive, cross-sectional study design was used.
Methods:
This study was conducted on 70 patients who underwent open cardiac surgery at a state hospital in North Cyprus. Data were gathered using the Patient Information Form and Brief Pain Inventory-Short Form.
Findings:
Patients who underwent open cardiac surgery experienced severe pain. Postoperative pain had a negative impact on deep breathing, coughing, and physical exercise. The patients' postoperative pain severity and postoperative pain interference show a statistically significant relationship between gender, alcohol consumption, prior surgical experience, and satisfaction with pain management (P < .05). A moderately positive and statistically significant correlation was found between the worst pain intensity of the patients in the last 24 hours and their pain interference (P < .05).
Conclusions:
Patients with open cardiac surgery experienced severe pain that restricted their activities. Patients should be informed about pain characteristics they will experience and effective pain management methods to reduce pain.
Related Concept Videos
Pain
Analgesia and Pain Management
Specialized Characteristics of Cardiac Muscles
Cardiac muscle cells are smaller than skeletal muscles, averaging 10–20 mm in diameter and 50–100 mm in length. However, they have large energy demands for continuous contraction and relaxation. This energy is almost exclusively derived from aerobic metabolism of energy...
Primary Motives: Sleep, Sex, and Pain Avoidance
Sleep is a fundamental physiological drive that fosters a state of restfulness crucial for several bodily functions. It facilitates body restoration, the process by which the body repairs, rejuvenates, and maintains itself during sleep, including memory...
Interference and Diffraction
RNA Interference
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...

