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Area of Science:

  • Atmospheric Science
  • Climate Dynamics
  • Geophysics

Background:

  • Subseasonal variability is crucial for weather and climate prediction.
  • Understanding the dynamics of atmospheric variability across different scales is essential.
  • Existing measures may not fully capture the contributions of various atmospheric modes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Introduce a novel scale-dependent measure for atmospheric variability.
  • Quantify the contributions of different normal modes (Rossby and inertio-gravity) to subseasonal variability.
  • Investigate recent trends in atmospheric variability using reanalysis data.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a new measure for vertically and meridionally integrated atmospheric variability.
  • Utilized normal modes of linearized primitive equations for scale-dependent analysis.
  • Applied the measure to ERA-Interim reanalysis data to analyze subseasonal variability.

Main Results:

  • Subseasonal variability decreases with increasing zonal wave numbers.
  • Inertio-gravity (IG) modes' contribution to variability increases at smaller scales.
  • ERA-Interim data show increased global variability after 2000, with a larger relative increase in IG modes.

Conclusions:

  • The new measure effectively characterizes scale-dependent atmospheric variability.
  • The increasing role of IG modes at smaller scales is significant.
  • The observed increase in subseasonal variability, particularly in IG modes, may explain rising tropical precipitation variability.