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Nursing Assessment:Nursing management of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) involves taking the patient's history, focusing on primary complaints such as chest pain, dyspnea, and excessive sweating (diaphoresis), as well as other symptoms like back or jaw pain, nausea, vomiting, palpitations, dizziness, and fatigue. The nurse also reviews the patient's history of cardiac events, risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes, smoking, family history, and current medications.In the objective assessment,...
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IntroductionNephrotic syndrome is a kidney disorder marked by excessive protein loss in the urine, leading to various systemic complications. This condition often results from damage to the glomeruli—the kidney's filtering units—causing proteinuria, low blood protein levels, and fluid retention. Understanding the assessment, diagnosis, and management of nephrotic syndrome is essential for effective treatment and prevention of further kidney damage.AssessmentPatient History: Document...
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Nursing management for nephrotic syndrome adapts as the disease progresses, with strategies evolving to address advancing symptoms and complications.Early-Stage Management In the early stages, nursing interventions for nephrotic syndrome resemble those used in managing acute glomerulonephritis, focusing on symptom monitoring, fluid balance, and managing mild to moderate edema.Vital Signs: Regularly monitor blood pressure, pulse, respiratory rate, and temperature to promptly identify...
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Updated: Jan 29, 2026

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Subacromial impingement syndrome: management challenges.

Paolo Consigliere1, Omar Haddo2, Ofer Levy1,3

  • 1The Reading Shoulder Unit, Berkshire Independent Hospital Coley Park, Swallows Croft, Reading, Berkshire, UK, paoloconsigliere@gmail.com.

Orthopedic Research and Reviews
|February 19, 2019
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Summary

Subacromial Impingement Syndrome (SAIS) pain often limits shoulder function. This review suggests surgery and conservative treatments yield similar outcomes for SAIS, though some studies show long-term surgical benefits.

Keywords:
bursitisimpingementrotator cuffrotator cuff tearssupraspinatus tendontendinitistendinopathy

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Sports Medicine
  • Rheumatology

Background:

  • Subacromial Impingement Syndrome (SAIS) is a prevalent cause of shoulder pain, historically treated with acromioplasty.
  • Neer's theory of impingement dominated treatment for decades, but recent understanding challenges its central role.
  • SAIS significantly impacts shoulder function, range of motion, sleep, and daily activities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the current role of surgical decompression in managing Subacromial Impingement Syndrome (SAIS).
  • To synthesize evidence comparing surgical interventions with conservative management for SAIS.
  • To determine if surgical decompression remains a viable treatment option for shoulder pain.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature review across PubMed, PEDro, Embase, and Cochrane Central Register.
  • Keywords included: impingement, subacromial space, rotator cuff tears, tendinopathy, tendinitis.
  • Prioritized randomized clinical trials (RCTs) with long-term follow-up and prospective studies on surgical decompression and physiotherapy.

Main Results:

  • Most studies found no significant difference in outcomes between surgical decompression and conservative management for SAIS.
  • Some research indicated superior long-term results following surgical intervention.
  • Interpreting results is challenging due to poor study quality and short follow-up periods in many trials.

Conclusions:

  • The effectiveness of surgical decompression for SAIS is debated, with mixed results across studies.
  • The specific type of subacromial lesion may influence treatment response, including surgical outcomes.
  • Further high-quality research with extended follow-up is essential to clarify the role of surgery in SAIS management.