Comorbidities in Lichen Planus: A Case-control Study in Indian Patients

Area of Science:

• Dermatology
• Endocrinology
• Metabolic Disorders

Background:

• Lichen planus (LP) has been linked to comorbidities like diabetes and thyroid issues.
• Previous studies noted associations with one or two conditions.
• This study investigated LP's link with diabetes, dyslipidemia, metabolic syndrome, thyroid dysfunction, and HCV.

Purpose of the Study:

• To determine the association between lichen planus and common comorbidities.
• To assess the prevalence of dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, thyroid dysfunction, and HCV infection in LP patients.

Main Methods:

• A case-control study involving 75 LP patients and 75 matched controls.
• Evaluated fasting plasma glucose, lipid profiles, thyroid function tests, and anti-HCV antibodies.
• Diagnosed metabolic syndrome using the 2005 revised NCEP ATP III criteria.

Main Results:

• LP patients showed significantly higher triglyceride (34.67% vs 14%), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and diabetes mellitus prevalence.
• No significant association was found between LP and metabolic syndrome or hypothyroidism.
• A strong association was noted between oral LP and hypothyroidism; all patients were HCV negative.

Conclusions:

• Lichen planus is clearly associated with dyslipidemia and diabetes mellitus.
• Routine screening for dyslipidemia and diabetes in LP patients is recommended for early detection and management.
• Early intervention can help prevent long-term morbidity associated with these comorbidities.