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A 23-year trap-neuter-return program significantly reduced community cat populations by 55% and improved welfare. This long-term intervention lowered retrovirus prevalence and increased the average age of cats.

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TNRanimal welfarecommunity catsferal catsfree-roaming catsretrovirusstray catstrap-neuter-return

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Animal Ecology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Community cat populations pose challenges for animal welfare and public health.
  • Trap-neuter-return (TNR) is a widely used method for managing free-roaming cat populations.
  • Long-term data on the effectiveness of TNR programs is crucial for evaluating their impact.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the 23-year impact of a TNR program on community cat population size and demographics.
  • To describe the outcomes of cats enrolled in the TNR program.
  • To evaluate changes in retroviral disease prevalence within the community cat population.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective study analyzing 23 years of cat census and medical records (1995-2017).
  • Data included population counts, program inputs, cat outcomes, and retroviral status.
  • Linear regression was used to analyze changes over time.

Main Results:

  • Community cat population decreased by 55% (from 455 to 206) between 1999 and 2013.
  • The number of first annual visits decreased by 80% from 1995 to 2017.
  • Average cat age increased, while retrovirus prevalence (FIV/FeLV) decreased significantly over the study period.

Conclusions:

  • Long-term TNR programs can effectively reduce community cat populations.
  • TNR programs contribute to improved population welfare through increased average age and reduced disease prevalence.
  • Sustained TNR efforts demonstrate significant positive outcomes for community cat management.