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Kawasaki disease: a comprehensive review.
Kamleshun Ramphul1, Stephanie Gonzalez Mejias2
1Department of Pediatrics, Shanghai Xin Hua Hospital affiliated to the Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Archives of Medical Sciences. Atherosclerotic Diseases
|February 19, 2019
Summary
Kawasaki disease, an acute vasculitis, is diagnosed clinically. Treatment involves immunoglobulin and aspirin, with further options for non-responders to manage coronary aneurysm risks.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Rheumatology
- Immunology
Background:
- Kawasaki disease is a critical pediatric vasculitis impacting blood vessels.
- First identified in 1961, extensive research has followed over five decades.
- Diagnosis relies on clinical criteria, with atypical presentations posing challenges.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the understanding and management of Kawasaki disease.
- To highlight diagnostic criteria and challenges in atypical cases.
- To discuss current and emerging treatment strategies.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of published papers on Kawasaki disease.
- Analysis of diagnostic criteria and clinical findings.
- Examination of treatment protocols and outcomes.
Main Results:
- Kawasaki disease is diagnosed clinically, with atypical forms not meeting all criteria.
- Coronary artery aneurysm is the primary complication.
- Intravenous immunoglobulin and aspirin are standard initial treatments.
Conclusions:
- Effective management of Kawasaki disease requires timely diagnosis and treatment.
- Addressing atypical presentations is crucial for preventing complications.
- Evolving second and third-line therapies offer improved outcomes for refractory cases.
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