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Updated: Jan 29, 2026

How to Culture, Record and Stimulate Neuronal Networks on Micro-electrode Arrays MEAs
Published on: May 30, 2010
Gold nanostructure microelectrode arrays for in vitro recording and stimulation from neuronal networks
Anil Koklu1, Rahul Atmaramani2, Audrey Hammack3
1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX, 75205, United States of America.
None:
An ideal microelectrode array (MEA) design should include materials and structures which exhibit biocompatibility, low electrode polarization, low impedance/noise, and structural durability. Here, the fabrication of MEAs with indium tin oxide (ITO) electrodes deposited with self-similar gold nanostructures (GNS) is described. We show that fern leaf fractal-like GNS deposited on ITO electrodes are conducive for neural cell attachment and viability while reducing the interfacial impedance more than two orders of magnitude at low frequencies (100-1000 Hz) versus bare ITO. GNS MEAs, with low interfacial impedance, allowed the detection of extracellular action potentials with excellent signal-to-noise ratios (SNR, 20.26 ± 2.14). Additionally, the modified electrodes demonstrated electrochemical and mechanical stability over 29 d in vitro.
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