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Relative Strengths of Conjugate Acid-Base Pairs02:29

Relative Strengths of Conjugate Acid-Base Pairs

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Brønsted-Lowry acid-base chemistry is the transfer of protons; thus, logic suggests a relation between the relative strengths of conjugate acid-base pairs. The strength of an acid or base is quantified in its ionization constant, Ka or Kb, which represents the extent of the acid or base ionization reaction. For the conjugate acid-base pair HA / A−, the ionization equilibrium equations and ionization constant expressions are
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Lewis Acids and Bases02:33

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In 1923, G. N. Lewis proposed a generalized definition of acid-base behavior in which acids and bases are identified by their ability to accept or to donate a pair of electrons and form a coordinate covalent bond.
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Salts with Acidic Ions
Salts are ionic compounds composed of cations and anions, either of which may be capable of undergoing an acid or base ionization reaction with water. Aqueous salt solutions, therefore, may be acidic, basic, or neutral, depending on the relative acid-base strengths of the salt’s constituent ions. For example, dissolving the ammonium chloride in water results in its dissociation, as described by the equation:
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The acid-base reaction class has been studied for quite some time. In 1680, Robert Boyle reported traits of acid solutions that included their ability to dissolve many substances, to change the colors of certain natural dyes, and to lose these traits after coming in contact with alkali (base) solutions. In the eighteenth century, it was recognized that acids have a sour taste, react with limestone to liberate a gaseous substance (now known to be CO2), and interact with alkalis to form neutral...
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Erwin Chargaff’s rules on DNA equivalence paved the way for the discovery of base pairing in DNA. Chargaff’s rules state that in a double-stranded DNA molecule,
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Isotopic Effect in Double Proton Transfer Process of Porphycene Investigated by Enhanced QM/MM Method
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Constructing Long-Range Transfer Pathways with Ordered Acid-Base Pairs for Highly Enhanced Proton Conduction.

Yarong Liu1, Wenjia Wu1,2, Ping Li1

  • 1School of Chemical Engineering and Energy , Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou 450001 , P. R. China.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|February 20, 2019
PubMed
Summary

New polymer quantum dots create ordered acid-base pairs for enhanced proton transfer in composite membranes. This significantly boosts conductivity and power density in fuel cells, even under anhydrous conditions.

Keywords:
composite membranegraphene oxideinherent ordered acid−base pairslong-range transfer highwayspolymer quantum dotproton conduction

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Polymer Science

Background:

  • Acid-base pairs are crucial for proton transfer, but existing complexes lack ordered structures, limiting their efficiency.
  • Developing materials with ordered acid-base pairs is key to maximizing proton conduction for energy applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To engineer composite membranes with ordered acid-base pairs for enhanced proton conduction.
  • To investigate the proton transfer capabilities of these membranes under both hydrated and anhydrous conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesizing polymer quantum dots with inherent ordered acid-base pairs.
  • Anchoring these dots onto dopamine-coated graphene oxide to form long-range conducting pathways.
  • Integrating these building blocks into a sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) matrix to create composite membranes.

Main Results:

  • The composite membranes exhibit significantly enhanced proton conduction.
  • Under hydrated conditions, conductivity increased by 91% and fuel cell power density by 71% compared to control membranes.
  • Under anhydrous conditions, conductivity reached 7.14 mS cm⁻¹, nearly 10 times that of control membranes, rivaling ionic liquid-infused membranes.

Conclusions:

  • The developed composite membranes show exceptional proton conductivity, particularly under anhydrous conditions.
  • These membranes offer a promising alternative for applications in hydrogen fuel cells, sensors, and catalysis.
  • The ordered acid-base pair strategy effectively overcomes limitations of conventional proton-conducting materials.