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Evaluating If Children Can Use Simple Brain Computer Interfaces.

Jack Zhang1,2, Zeanna Jadavji1,2, Ephrem Zewdie1,2

  • 1Calgary Pediatric Stroke Program, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.

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Children can effectively use electroencephalogram-based brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) for tasks like controlling a car or cursor. Performance varies by age, task, and strategy, indicating potential for disabled children.

Keywords:
EEGEmotiv EPOCbrain computer interfaces (BCI)pediatricstypically developing children

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Pediatric Technology

Background:

  • Severely disabled children with intact cognition have limited environmental interaction options.
  • Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) offer potential for enhanced function, communication, and independence in this population.
  • Existing BCI research primarily focuses on adults, with limited exploration in pediatric populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the capability of typically developing school-aged children to perform tasks using a commercially available electroencephalogram-based brain-computer interface (EEG-BCI).
  • To investigate the influence of task type, cognitive strategy, and age on BCI performance in children.
  • To establish the feasibility and efficacy of EEG-BCI systems for pediatric use.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective, cross-over study involving typically developing children aged 6-18 years.
  • Children performed two tasks (remote-control car, computer cursor) using two strategies (sensorimotor, visual imagery) with an EEG-BCI system (EMOTIV EPOC).
  • Primary outcome measured was the kappa coefficient, assessing agreement between requested and achieved performance, with exploration of age and learning effects.

Main Results:

  • Twenty-six children completed the study, reporting excellent tolerability (>90% neutral or pleasant experience).
  • Older children demonstrated performance comparable to adult BCI studies; younger children showed good, though lesser, performance.
  • The car task and visual imagery strategy yielded significantly higher performance compared to the cursor task and sensorimotor strategy, respectively.

Conclusions:

  • Children can rapidly gain control and execute tasks using simple EEG-BCI systems.
  • BCI performance in children is influenced by strategy, task, and age.
  • The demonstrated success in typically developing children supports further investigation of practical BCI systems for severely disabled children.