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Related Concept Videos

What is Gene Expression?01:42

What is Gene Expression?

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Overview
Gene expression is the process in which DNA directs the synthesis of functional products, that is, proteins. Cells can regulate gene expression at various stages. It allows organisms to generate different cell types and enables cells to adapt to internal and external factors.
Genetic Information Flows from DNA to RNA to Protein
A gene is a stretch of DNA that serves as the blueprint for functional RNAs and proteins. Since DNA is made up of nucleotides and proteins consist of amino...
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What is Gene Expression?01:36

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A gene is a stretch of DNA that serves as the blueprint for functional RNAs and proteins. Since DNA is comprised  of nucleotides and proteins are comprised of amino acids, a mediator is required to convert the information encoded in DNA into proteins. This mediator is the messenger RNA (mRNA). mRNA copies the blueprint from DNA by a process called transcription. In eukaryotes, transcription occurs in the nucleus by complementary base-pairing with the DNA template. The mRNA is then...
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Epigenetic Regulation01:46

Epigenetic Regulation

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Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
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Cell Specific Gene Expression01:58

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Multicellular organisms contain a variety of structurally and functionally distinct cell types, but the DNA in all the cells originated from the same parent cells. The differences in the cells can be attributed to the differential gene expression. Liver cells, whose functions include detoxification of blood, production of bile to metabolize fats, and synthesis of proteins essential for metabolism, must express a specific set of genes to perform their functions. Gene expression also varies with...
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Chromatin Position Affects Gene Expression02:35

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Chromatin is the massive complex of DNA and proteins packaged inside the nucleus. The complexity of chromatin folding and how it is packaged inside the nucleus greatly influences  access to genetic information. Generally, the nucleus' periphery is considered transcriptionally repressive, while the cell's interior is considered a transcriptionally active area. 
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 29, 2026

Using an Automated Cell Counter to Simplify Gene Expression Studies: siRNA Knockdown of IL-4 Dependent Gene Expression in Namalwa Cells
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Gene Expression, Epigenetics and Ageing.

Babukrishna Maniyadath1, Namrata Shukla1, Ullas Kolthur-Seetharam2

  • 1Department of Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, India.

Sub-Cellular Biochemistry
|February 20, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Aging is linked to changes in gene expression and chromatin. This review synthesizes research on epigenetics and transcription to understand age-related diseases and identify future research directions.

Keywords:
5hmCAgeingChromatinDNA methylationEpigeneticsGene expressionHistone VariantsSAHFSenescenceTranscriptional Noise

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Epigenetics

Background:

  • Physiological changes during aging are associated with altered gene expression.
  • Aging increases susceptibility to diseases, necessitating research into underlying mechanisms.
  • Previous research often studied gene expression and chromatin independently.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize age-associated changes in epigenetics and transcription.
  • To bridge the gap between independent research on gene expression and chromatin.
  • To identify future research directions for understanding aging and associated diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of existing research.
  • Analysis of age-related changes in chromatin structure and function.
  • Examination of epigenetic regulators and their role in transcription.

Main Results:

  • Aging involves significant alterations in epigenetic modifications and transcriptional regulation.
  • Deregulated gene expression due to chromatin changes is a hallmark of aging.
  • Epigenetic regulators are emerging as potential therapeutic targets for age-related diseases.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding the interplay between epigenetics and transcription is crucial for combating age-related diseases.
  • Further research is needed to identify specific genes and pathways affected by aging.
  • Targeting epigenetic mechanisms may offer novel therapeutic strategies to delay aging and prevent disease.