Multimodal neuroimaging analysis reveals age-associated common and discrete cognitive control constructs
Meng-Heng Yang1, Zai-Fu Yao2, Shulan Hsieh1,3,4
1Department of Psychology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, Republic of China.
Human Brain Mapping
|February 20, 2019
Summary
Cognitive control functions show varying sensitivity to aging, with brain degeneration widespread beyond the frontal lobe. Multimodal neuroimaging reveals common and distinct neural components linked to cognitive aging across the lifespan.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Cognitive Psychology
- Aging Research
Background:
- Cognitive control functions are crucial for goal-directed behavior.
- Understanding age-related changes in cognitive control and their neural underpinnings is vital.
- Previous research often examines neuroimaging modalities and cognitive functions in isolation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify which cognitive control functions are most affected by aging.
- To pinpoint neural features across structural MRI, resting-state fMRI, and DTI associated with cognitive control across adulthood.
- To explore common and distinct multimodal neural components related to cognitive control functions.
Main Methods:
- Joint independent component analysis (jICA) integrating structural MRI, resting-state fMRI, and DTI data.
- Analysis of cognitive control performance (inhibition, shifting, updating) in 156 adults aged 20-78.
- Utilized performance indexes: stop-signal reaction time, switch-cost, and performance sensitivity.
Main Results:
- Cross-sectional age differences in cognitive control are linked to widespread brain degeneration, not confined to the frontal lobe.
- Identified common and distinct multimodal neural components correlating with general and specific cognitive control functions.
- Dynamic interactions between brain features across modalities may represent developmental mechanisms of aging effects.
Conclusions:
- Cognitive control aging is characterized by diffuse brain changes.
- Multimodal neuroimaging effectively captures shared and unique neural correlates of cognitive control functions across the lifespan.
- These findings offer insights into the neural mechanisms underlying cognitive aging.
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