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Age and poverty status alter the coding and noncoding transcriptome.

Nicole Noren Hooten1, Michele K Evans1

  • 1Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Science, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.

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|February 20, 2019
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) change with age and poverty in white males, impacting molecular pathways. These findings offer insights into aging disparities and disease.

Keywords:
aginglncRNAncRNAnoncoding RNApovertysenescence

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Area of Science:

  • Genomics
  • Molecular Biology
  • Aging Research

Background:

  • Noncoding RNAs, particularly long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), are increasingly recognized for their regulatory roles in aging and disease.
  • The specific functions of lncRNAs in human aging, especially concerning socio-environmental factors, remain largely unexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the influence of human aging and socioeconomic status (poverty) on lncRNA expression profiles.
  • To identify specific lncRNAs and associated molecular pathways affected by age and poverty in diverse populations.

Main Methods:

  • Microarray profiling of lncRNAs and messenger RNAs (mRNAs) from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of young and old white and African American males.
  • Analysis of data from the Healthy Aging in Neighborhoods of Diversity across the Life Span study.
  • Validation of lncRNA expression changes in an expanded cohort.

Main Results:

  • Age and poverty status significantly altered lncRNA and mRNA expression in white males, but not in African American males.
  • Specific lncRNAs (e.g., GAS5, H19, TERC, MEG3) were identified as changing with age or poverty.
  • Enriched pathways in younger individuals included mitochondrial function and DNA damage response, while those above poverty showed enrichment in stress response and immune signaling.

Conclusions:

  • Both chronological age and social adversity (poverty) impact lncRNA expression in humans.
  • These lncRNA expression changes may elucidate molecular mechanisms underlying aging processes and health disparities.
  • The study highlights differential effects of age and poverty on lncRNA expression between racial groups.