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Dynamic vaccination in partially overlapped multiplex network.

L G Alvarez-Zuzek1, M A Di Muro1, S Havlin2

  • 1Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, and Instituto de Investigaciones Físicas de Mar del Plata (IFIMAR-CONICET), Deán Funes 3350, 7600 Mar del Plata, Argentina.

Physical Review. E
|February 21, 2019
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Dynamic vaccination, where individuals get vaccinated upon learning of infected contacts, significantly reduces disease spread compared to random or targeted immunization. This strategy proves highly effective, even preventing epidemics regardless of disease virulence.

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Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Network Science
  • Computational Biology

Background:

  • Understanding epidemic dynamics in complex networks is crucial for public health.
  • Existing vaccination strategies like random or targeted immunization have limitations.
  • Multiplex networks, with overlapping nodes, present unique challenges for disease spread.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce and analyze a novel "dynamic vaccination" strategy.
  • To evaluate the effectiveness of dynamic vaccination in a two-layer multiplex network.
  • To compare dynamic vaccination with traditional immunization methods.

Main Methods:

  • Modeling dynamic vaccination within a susceptible-infected-recovered (SIR) framework.
  • Utilizing a bond percolation model and generating functions for theoretical analysis.
  • Employing stochastic simulations to validate theoretical predictions.
  • Analyzing epidemic behavior across varying network overlap (q) and vaccination probabilities (ω).

Main Results:

  • A perfect agreement was found between theoretical predictions and simulation results.
  • A phase diagram revealed distinct epidemic and non-epidemic phases, with a critical threshold (βc) dependent on network overlap (q).
  • Decreasing network overlap (q) increased the disease virulence (β) required for an epidemic.
  • A region of highly effective vaccination was identified, preventing epidemics irrespective of disease virulence.
  • Dynamic vaccination demonstrated superior performance over random immunization and comparable or better results than targeted immunization.

Conclusions:

  • Dynamic vaccination is a highly effective strategy for controlling epidemics in multiplex networks.
  • The strategy's success is influenced by network structure and vaccination parameters.
  • Dynamic vaccination offers a promising alternative to traditional immunization methods, especially in interconnected populations.