Reduced Incidence of Bacterial Rot on Transgenic Insect-Resistant Maize in the Philippines
Samuel C Dalmacio1, Tomas R Lugod1, Emmanuel M Serrano2
1Pioneer Hi-Bred Philippines, 24/F, Antel Global Corporate Center, Ortigas Center, Pasig City, 1600 PH.
Plant Disease
|February 21, 2019
Summary
Transgenic insect-resistant maize hybrids significantly reduced bacterial stalk and ear rot by preventing Asian corn borer infestation. These Bt maize varieties offer higher yields and disease control in affected regions.
Area of Science:
- Agricultural Entomology
- Plant Pathology
- Biotechnology
Background:
- Asian corn borer (Ostrinia furnacalis) is a major maize pest in Southeast Asia.
- Insect damage from O. furnacalis is linked to bacterial stalk and ear rot (Erwinia chrysanthemi pv. zeae).
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the impact of transgenic insect protection on bacterial stalk and ear rot incidence in maize.
- To assess the efficacy of Bt maize hybrids against O. furnacalis and associated diseases.
Main Methods:
- Field trials were conducted in the Philippines (Mindanao and Laguna) comparing transgenic Bt maize hybrids (Cry1Ab) with conventional counterparts.
- Bacterial stalk rot, bacterial rot mortality, bacterial ear rot incidence, and O. furnacalis infestation (tunneling) were assessed.
- Maize yield was also measured to determine the economic benefit.
Main Results:
- Transgenic hybrids showed significantly lower incidence of bacterial stalk and ear rot compared to conventional hybrids.
- No O. furnacalis infestation was observed in transgenic hybrids, while conventional counterparts had significant tunneling.
- Transgenic hybrids exhibited higher yields, with an average advantage of 1.2 to 5.1 t/ha.
Conclusions:
- Ostrinia furnacalis plays a critical role in the initiation and spread of bacterial stalk and ear rot in maize.
- Transgenic insect-resistant maize hybrids provide effective control of O. furnacalis and associated diseases.
- The use of Bt maize hybrids offers added value in regions where Asian corn borer and bacterial rots are prevalent.
Keywords:
Bt corn
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