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Related Concept Videos

Drug Abuse and Addiction: Pharmacological Phenomena01:15

Drug Abuse and Addiction: Pharmacological Phenomena

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Drug dependence, abuse, and addiction are complex phenomena that can precipitate various abnormal states. Physical dependence refers to a state of pharmacological adaptation to a drug. This adaptation often results in tolerance—a reduced response to the drug after repeated administrations. When the drug use is abruptly stopped, withdrawal symptoms occur due to the body's need to readjust from the pharmacologically induced imbalance. However, tolerance and withdrawal symptoms do not...
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Muscles of the Abdomen01:21

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The abdominal wall encircles the abdominal cavity, providing flexible protection and shielding the internal organs from harm. It is bordered at the top by the xiphoid process and costal margins, at the back by the vertebral column, and at the bottom by the pelvic bones and inguinal ligament. The abdominal wall is divided into two regions — the anterolateral and posterior regions.
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Veins of the Abdomen and Pelvis01:18

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The human body is a complex system of interconnected parts, and the circulatory system plays a crucial role in maintaining overall health. One key component of this system is the inferior vena cava, a large vein responsible for returning blood from the abdominopelvic viscera and abdominal walls to the heart.
The inferior vena cava is fed by numerous smaller veins. The lumbar veins, for instance, drain the posterior abdominal wall, emptying both directly into the inferior vena cava and into the...
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Assessment of the Abdomen II: Percussion01:18

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Percussion is a fundamental technique used to assess the liver, spleen, and abdominal organs by tapping the abdomen and interpreting the resulting sounds. This method helps identify fluid, distention, and masses through variations in sound, such as the high-pitched tympany of air-filled areas and the dullness of solid masses. Understanding how to percuss these organs provides valuable information for healthcare professionals in diagnosing conditions early.
Percussion
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Assessment of the Abdomen III: Palpation01:23

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Palpation is a crucial tactile examination method for assessing abdominal organs and detecting conditions like tenderness, distention, masses, or fluid. It involves both light and deep palpation techniques, each serving specific diagnostic purposes. Light palpation helps identify tenderness and other surface-level indicators, while deep palpation locates and assess abdominal masses and organ boundaries. A skilled professional can gather valuable insights through palpation, including evaluating...
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Assessment of the Abdomen I: Inspection and Auscultation01:25

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Introduction
The abdominal examination is a cornerstone of clinical medicine, serving as a critical tool in diagnosing various gastrointestinal (GI) diseases. It involves a systematic approach that includes inspection and auscultation, each with distinct yet complementary roles in assessing the abdomen. This article will delve into these two primary methods healthcare professionals use to examine the abdomen.
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Related Experiment Video

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Drosophila Pupal Abdomen Immunohistochemistry
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Acute abdomen in drug abusers.

L Hána, M Ryska

    Rozhledy V Chirurgii : Mesicnik Ceskoslovenske Chirurgicke Spolecnosti
    |February 21, 2019
    PubMed
    Summary

    Drug abusers with acute abdomen are younger men, primarily presenting with perforated peptic ulcers. This study details their unique clinical course and outcomes in surgical management.

    Area of Science:

    • Abdominal Surgery
    • Toxicology
    • Gastroenterology

    Background:

    • Acute abdomen is a critical surgical condition.
    • Understanding specific patient demographics, like drug abusers, is crucial for tailored treatment.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To delineate the clinical presentation, hospitalization course, and outcomes of drug abusers with acute abdomen.
    • To share institutional experience managing this patient subset.

    Main Methods:

    • Retrospective analysis of drug-abusing patients with non-traumatic acute abdomen (2013-2018).
    • Evaluation of demographics, drug types, diagnoses, surgical needs, morbidity, and mortality.
    • Descriptive statistics were employed for data analysis.

    Main Results:

    Keywords:
    acute abdomen, gastric and duodenal peptic ulcer perforation, drug abuse

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    • Eight drug abusers (0.47% of acute abdomen cases) were identified; all were male, median age 32.
    • Methamphetamine (Pervitin) was most common (50%), followed by heroin and benzodiazepines.
    • Peptic ulcer perforation (50%) was the leading diagnosis; 75% required surgery. No 30-day mortality was observed.

    Conclusions:

    • Drug abusers constitute a small fraction of acute abdomen patients.
    • This group is characterized by younger age, male predominance, and a higher incidence of perforated peptic ulcers.