Highly efficient Polyaniline-MoS₂ hybrid nanostructures based biosensor for cancer biomarker detection

Area of Science:

• Materials Science
• Nanotechnology
• Biomedical Engineering

Background:

• Polyaniline (PANI) nanospindles were synthesized using iron oxide as a sacrificial template.
• PANI-MoS2 nanoflower architectures were fabricated using a hydrothermal route, leveraging electrostatic interactions to enhance conductivity and charge transport.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop an electrochemical biosensing platform for the specific detection of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML).
• To investigate the binding interactions between a pDNA/PANI-MoS2/ITO bioelectrode and target DNA sequences.

Main Methods:

• Synthesis of polyaniline nanospindles and PANI-MoS2 nanocomposites.
• Characterization using SEM, TEM, XRD, and Raman Spectroscopy.
• Fabrication of an electrochemical biosensor using PANI-MoS2 and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy.

Main Results:

• The PANI-MoS2 nanocomposite exhibited enhanced conductivity and charge transport pathways.
• The fabricated biosensor demonstrated high sensitivity and a wide detection range (10^-6 M to 10^-17 M) for target DNA.
• A low detection limit of 3 × 10^-18 M was achieved, with excellent specificity shown in studies involving complementary, noncomplementary, and mismatched DNA sequences.

Conclusions:

• The PANI-MoS2 nanocomposite is a promising material for developing highly sensitive and specific genosensors.
• The developed biosensor shows significant potential for the clinical diagnostics of chronic myelogenous leukemia.
• Further studies on real patient samples confirmed the applicability of the biosensor in clinical settings.