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Age differences in the effect of animacy on Mandarin sentence processing.

Xinmiao Liu1, Wenbin Wang2, Haiyan Wang3

  • 1School of English for Specific Purposes, Beijing Foreign Studies University, Beijing, China.

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|February 21, 2019
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Summary

Older adults show reduced sensitivity to animacy cues in sentence processing compared to younger adults. This decreased efficiency in using semantic information may stem from cognitive resource limitations in aging.

Keywords:
AgeAnimacyRelative clauseSentence processing

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Area of Science:

  • Psycholinguistics
  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Developmental Psychology

Background:

  • Animacy influences grammatical role assignment (animate subjects, inanimate objects).
  • Animacy provides crucial semantic cues for sentence comprehension.
  • Age-related changes in sensitivity to animacy cues remain unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate age differences in sensitivity to animacy cues.
  • To examine processing of Mandarin relative clauses in younger and older adults.
  • To determine if animacy affects online sentence comprehension differently across age groups.

Main Methods:

  • Self-paced reading paradigm used to measure reading times.
  • Sentences manipulated for subject/object relative clauses and animate/inanimate subjects.
  • Comparison of processing difficulties between younger and older adult groups.

Main Results:

  • Younger adults showed greater sensitivity to animacy manipulation than older adults.
  • Younger adults exhibited longer reading times for inanimate subjects in subject relative clauses.
  • Older adults did not show significant differences in processing difficulty based on animacy.

Conclusions:

  • Older adults are less sensitive to animacy constraints in relative clause processing.
  • The efficiency of using animacy cues declines with age.
  • Capacity-constrained comprehension theory may explain age-related deficits in integrating semantic and syntactic information.