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Area of Science:

  • Health Services Research
  • Health Economics
  • Health Disparities

Background:

  • Socioeconomic status significantly impacts health outcomes, yet income-related differences in healthcare experiences remain under-explored.
  • Existing research often overlooks the nuanced variations in patient care experiences across different income strata.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate and quantify the differences in patient healthcare experiences across various income levels within the US adult population.
  • To identify specific domains of healthcare experience that are disproportionately affected by patient income.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from the nationally representative 2010-2013 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey cohort, including 68,447 US adults.
  • Employed logistic regression to analyze the association between patient income levels and five key patient-reported healthcare experience measures from the Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (CAHPS) survey.
  • Examined measures including access to care, provider responsiveness, patient-provider communication, shared decision-making, and patient satisfaction.

Main Results:

  • Lower income was consistently linked to poorer patient-reported healthcare experiences across all evaluated domains.
  • Very-low-income individuals faced significantly higher odds of experiencing difficulties accessing care (OR 1.63) and poor communication (OR 1.34) compared to high-income individuals.
  • Participants with very-low incomes also reported increased odds of healthcare delivery delays (OR 1.68) and lower provider satisfaction (OR 1.48).

Conclusions:

  • Patients with lower incomes consistently report inferior healthcare experiences concerning access, communication, and overall satisfaction.
  • Findings underscore the need for targeted policies and interventions aimed at improving communication, engagement, and satisfaction to address healthcare disparities for low-income populations.