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Kidney Structure01:45

Kidney Structure

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The kidneys are two large bean-shaped organs located in the upper abdomen. They filter the blood several times a day to remove toxins and rebalance water and electrolytes of the circulatory system via the renal veins. The kidneys receive blood directly from the heart via the renal arteries. These arteries enter the kidney at the hilum, the concave surface of the bean, where they branch and divide into smaller vessels and capillaries.
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Aging01:26

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Aging is a complex biological phenomenon influenced by various processes that affect cellular and systemic functions. Several prominent theories attempt to explain its mechanisms, highlighting cellular limitations, oxidative damage, and hormonal changes as central factors in aging.
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The Effect of Aging on Tissues01:19

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Several body functions deteriorate with age. The external signs of aging are easily identifiable. For example, the skin becomes dry, less elastic, and thins out, forming wrinkles. The skin of the face begins to appear looser due to a decrease in the levels of elastic and collagen fibers in the connective tissue. Additionally, melanin production in the hair follicle decreases with age, resulting in gray hair. Moreover, the senses of sight and hearing decline, so glasses and hearing aids may...
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The upper and lower limb initially develops as a small bulge called a limb bud, which appears on the lateral side of the early embryo. The upper limb bud appears near the end of the fourth week of development, with the lower limb bud appearing shortly after.
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External Anatomy of the Kidney01:21

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The kidneys are a pair of bean-shaped organs in the human body that play a critical role in maintaining overall health. They filter out waste products from the blood, regulate blood pressure, maintain electrolyte balance, and stimulate the production of red blood cells.
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The kidneys are essential organs in the human body, performing a myriad of tasks that maintain homeostasis and overall health.
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Related Experiment Video

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Kidney aging: an irresistible slope.

Imari Mimura1

  • 1Division of Nephrology and Endocrinology, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.

Kidney International
|February 21, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Kidney aging is linked to testis-specific Y-encoded-like protein 5 (TSPYL5) gene expression changes. Further research into TSPYL5 in cells and animals may reveal ways to combat kidney aging.

Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Nephrology

Background:

  • Kidney aging is a complex process influenced by multiple factors.
  • Testis-specific Y-encoded-like protein 5 (TSPYL5) has been identified as a potential age-related gene in the kidney.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of TSPYL5 in kidney aging.
  • To explore the molecular mechanisms underlying age-related changes in TSPYL5 expression.

Main Methods:

  • Genome-wide database analysis was employed to identify candidate age-related renal genes.
  • Analysis focused on the relationship between aging, TSPYL5 expression, and promoter methylation.

Main Results:

  • TSPYL5 was identified as a candidate age-related renal gene.

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  • Aging correlates with decreased TSPYL5 expression.
  • Increased methylation of the TSPYL5 promoter is associated with reduced TSPYL5 expression during aging.

    • Conclusions:

    • TSPYL5 expression decreases with age in the kidney due to promoter methylation.
    • Genome-wide databases offer valuable insights into kidney aging mechanisms.
    • Future experimental studies using cellular and animal models are needed to validate these findings and explore therapeutic strategies against kidney aging.