Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Articulations of the Vertebral Column01:28

Articulations of the Vertebral Column

3.1K
In addition to being held together by the intervertebral discs, adjacent vertebrae also articulate with each other at synovial joints formed between the superior and inferior articular processes called zygapophysial joints (facet joints). These are plane joints that provide for only limited motions between the vertebrae. The orientation of the articular processes at these joints varies in different regions of the vertebral column and serves to determine the types of motions available in each...
3.1K
Crossover Experiments01:16

Crossover Experiments

4.6K
Crossover experiments, also called the repeated-measurements design, is a study design in which all experimental units are exposed to all treatments in different periods. Crossover experiments are generally used in psychology, the pharmaceutical industry, agriculture, and medicine.
Crossover designs are performed even with smaller sample sizes since the samples can act as their controls. These are better than simple randomized trials since patients are exposed to all the treatments.
4.6K
Bioequivalence Experimental Study Designs: Completely Randomized and Randomized Block Designs01:20

Bioequivalence Experimental Study Designs: Completely Randomized and Randomized Block Designs

245
Body:Bioequivalence experimental study designs are crucial methodologies used in evaluating and comparing the bioavailability of different drug products. These designs are categorized into various types: completely randomized, randomized block, repeated measures, cross and carry-over, and Latin square designs.Completely randomized designs involve randomly allocating treatments to all subjects participating in the experiment. This allocation is achieved by assigning unique random numbers to...
245
Random Error01:04

Random Error

9.8K
Random or indeterminate errors originate from various uncontrollable variables, such as variations in environmental conditions, instrument imperfections, or the inherent variability of the phenomena being measured. Usually, these errors cannot be predicted, estimated, or characterized because their direction and magnitude often vary in magnitude and direction even during consecutive measurements. As a result, they are difficult to eliminate. However, the aggregate effect of these errors can be...
9.8K
Random Variables01:09

Random Variables

17.8K
A random variable is a single numerical value that indicates the outcome of a procedure. The concept of random variables is fundamental to the probability theory and was introduced by a Russian mathematician, Pafnuty Chebyshev, in the mid-nineteenth century.
Uppercase letters such as X or Y denote a random variable. Lowercase letters like x or y denote the value of a random variable. If X is a random variable, then X is written in words, and x is given as a number.
For example, let X = the...
17.8K
Randomized Experiments01:13

Randomized Experiments

9.0K
The randomization process involves assigning study participants randomly to experimental or control groups based on their probability of being equally assigned. Randomization is meant to eliminate selection bias and balance known and unknown confounding factors so that the control group is similar to the treatment group as much as possible. A computer program and a random number generator can be used to assign participants to groups in a way that minimizes bias.
Simple randomization
Simple...
9.0K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Assessing Public Acceptability of AI-Integrated Preoperative Screening in Plastic Surgery.

Plastic and reconstructive surgery·2026
Same author

How I Do It: Designing A Scalable, Low-Cost Simulation Platform for Global Laparoscopic Training.

Journal of surgical education·2026
Same author

Proceedings from the 2025 Midwest Pediatric Device Consortium showcase featuring software as a medical device.

BMC proceedings·2026
Same author

Factors Impacting Delays in Prosthesis Acquisition Following Major Lower Extremity Amputations: A Retrospective Cohort Review.

Plastic and reconstructive surgery·2026
Same author

Addressing learning gaps to improve access to assisted reproductive technology in low-resource settings: Development and evaluation of a low-cost oocyte retrieval simulator.

African journal of reproductive health·2026
Same author

The Dilemma of Disclosure: Applicants' Perspectives on Sharing Their Distance Traveled.

Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 28, 2026

Application of Hemostatic Devices in Laparoscopic Hepatectomy
04:23

Application of Hemostatic Devices in Laparoscopic Hepatectomy

Published on: April 19, 2022

2.8K

Evaluating a Solely Mechanical Articulating Laparoscopic Device: A Prospective Randomized Crossover Study.

Cory N Criss1, Marcus D Jarboe1, Jake Claflin2

  • 11 Section of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Michigan Medicine, C.S. Mott Children's Hospital, Ann Arbor, Michigan.

Journal of Laparoendoscopic & Advanced Surgical Techniques. Part A
|February 21, 2019
PubMed
Summary

The FlexDex (FD) device offers improved ergonomics and effectiveness for suturing in difficult laparoscopic procedures. First-time users experienced less physical strain and enhanced task performance with this novel articulating tool.

Keywords:
articulationdexteritylaparoscopymechanicalsimulation

More Related Videos

Using a Microfluidics Device for Mechanical Stimulation and High Resolution Imaging of C. elegans
10:39

Using a Microfluidics Device for Mechanical Stimulation and High Resolution Imaging of C. elegans

Published on: February 19, 2018

11.1K
Laparoscopic Pancreatoduodenectomy With Modified Blumgart Pancreaticojejunostomy
08:57

Laparoscopic Pancreatoduodenectomy With Modified Blumgart Pancreaticojejunostomy

Published on: June 17, 2018

15.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 28, 2026

Application of Hemostatic Devices in Laparoscopic Hepatectomy
04:23

Application of Hemostatic Devices in Laparoscopic Hepatectomy

Published on: April 19, 2022

2.8K
Using a Microfluidics Device for Mechanical Stimulation and High Resolution Imaging of C. elegans
10:39

Using a Microfluidics Device for Mechanical Stimulation and High Resolution Imaging of C. elegans

Published on: February 19, 2018

11.1K
Laparoscopic Pancreatoduodenectomy With Modified Blumgart Pancreaticojejunostomy
08:57

Laparoscopic Pancreatoduodenectomy With Modified Blumgart Pancreaticojejunostomy

Published on: June 17, 2018

15.9K

Area of Science:

  • Minimally Invasive Surgery
  • Surgical Technology Innovation
  • Laparoscopic Instrumentation

Background:

  • The FlexDex (FD) is a novel, purely mechanical articulating device designed to integrate robotic surgery capabilities with laparoscopic simplicity and cost-effectiveness.
  • This study evaluates the performance of novice and trainee surgeons using the FD for the first time during a basic suturing task.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the ergonomic benefits and task performance of the FlexDex device compared to standard laparoscopy.
  • To evaluate user experience across varying task difficulties for both novice and surgical trainee groups.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective, randomized crossover study design was employed, comparing the FlexDex (FD) to standard laparoscopy (SL).
  • Participants (novices and surgical trainees) performed a standardized suture task at easy, moderate, and hard difficulty levels.
  • Evaluated outcomes included instrument ergonomics, perceived task difficulty (NASA-TLX), technical skill (OSATS), and procedure time.

Main Results:

  • FD users reported significantly reduced shoulder and back strain compared to standard laparoscopy.
  • While FD use increased mental demand for novices, both novice and trainee groups demonstrated improved effectiveness in suturing at hard difficulty locations.
  • Tasks at easy locations were completed faster using standard laparoscopy.

Conclusions:

  • The FlexDex device represents a significant advancement in laparoscopic instrumentation, offering improved ergonomics and effectiveness, particularly in challenging surgical scenarios.
  • First-time users showed enhanced performance and reduced physical strain, indicating the FD's potential for clinical application.
  • Further research will explore comparisons with robotic surgery systems and clinical integration.