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Differences by age and sex in adolescent suicide
Stephanie Lee1,2, Jeremy Dwyer2,3, Eldho Paul4
1Monash Children's Hospital, Victoria.
Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health
|February 21, 2019
Summary
Younger and female adolescents experiencing abuse, bullying, and self-harm show distinct suicide patterns compared to older males. Prevention strategies must consider these developmental and sex-specific differences.
Area of Science:
- Adolescent health
- Suicidology
- Public health
Background:
- Completed suicide among adolescents is a significant public health concern.
- Understanding demographic and psychosocial factors is crucial for effective prevention.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare demographic and psychosocial characteristics of completed suicide.
- To differentiate between younger (13-16 years) and older (17-19 years) adolescents.
- To analyze differences by sex.
Main Methods:
- Utilized data from the Victorian Suicide Register (2006-2015).
- Included 273 completed suicides in adolescents aged 10-19 years.
- Analyzed demographic and psychosocial factors.
Main Results:
- Older adolescents (17-19 years) accounted for 63% of suicides; younger adolescents (13-16 years) for 37%.
- Males comprised 67% of cases, females 33%.
- Younger and female adolescents showed higher rates of abuse, peer conflict, bullying, and previous self-harm. Older adolescents were more likely to be disengaged from education, employment, or training.
Conclusions:
- Suicide characteristics in younger and female adolescents differ from older and male adolescents.
- Negative interpersonal relationships and prior self-harm are key differentiating factors.
- Developmentally and sex-specific suicide prevention strategies are needed.
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