Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Osmoregulation in Insects

Osmoregulation in Insects

Malpighian tubules are specialized structures found in the digestive systems of many arthropods, including most insects, that handle excretion and osmoregulation. The tubules are typically arranged in pairs and have a convoluted structure that increases their surface area.

Defenses Against Pathogens and Herbivores

Defenses Against Pathogens and Herbivores

Plants present a rich source of nutrients for many organisms, making it a target for herbivores and infectious agents. Plants, though lacking a proper immune system, have developed an array of constitutive and inducible defenses to fend off these attacks.

Predator-Prey Interactions

Predator-Prey Interactions

Predators consume prey for energy. Predators that acquire prey and prey that avoid predation both increase their chances of survival and reproduction (i.e., fitness). Routine predator-prey interactions elicit mutual adaptations that improve predator offenses, such as claws, teeth, and speed, as well as prey defenses, including crypsis, aposematism, and mimicry. Thus, predator-prey interactions resemble an evolutionary arms race.

Plant Hormones

Plant Hormones

Plant hormones—or phytohormones—are chemical molecules that modulate one or more physiological processes of a plant. In animals, hormones are often produced in specific glands and circulated via the circulatory system. However, plants lack hormone-producing glands.

Molecular and Ionic Solids

Molecular and Ionic Solids

Crystalline solids are divided into four types: molecular, ionic, metallic, and covalent network based on the type of constituent units and their interparticle interactions.
Molecular Solids
Molecular crystalline solids, such as ice, sucrose (table sugar), and iodine, are solids that are composed of neutral molecules as their constituent units. These molecules are held together by weak intermolecular forces such as London dispersion forces, dipole-dipole interactions, or hydrogen bonds, which...

Tonicity in Plants

Tonicity in Plants

Tonicity describes the capacity of a cell to lose or gain water. It depends on the quantity of solute that does not penetrate the membrane. Tonicity delimits the magnitude and direction of osmosis and results in three possible scenarios that alter the volume of a cell: hypertonicity, hypotonicity, and isotonicity. Due to differences in structure and physiology, tonicity of plant cells is different from that of animal cells in some scenarios.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita uses secondary-metabolite-mediated soil microbiome shifts to locate host plants.

Nature plants·2026

Same author

Endovascular treatment of unruptured intracranial aneurysms at a single center: Outcomes, selection strategy, and transparent communication for patient decision-making.

Interventional neuroradiology : journal of peritherapeutic neuroradiology, surgical procedures and related neurosciences·2025

Same author

Genetic architecture of resistance to plant secondary metabolites in Photorhabdus entomopathogenic bacteria.

BMC genomics·2025

Same author

Potential of Guidewire-Clot Interaction Forces for Clot Detection in Robotic Mechanical Thrombectomy.

The international journal of medical robotics + computer assisted surgery : MRCAS·2025

Same author

Synthetic communities of maize root bacteria interact and redirect benzoxazinoid metabolization.

mSphere·2025

Same author

Effects of Native or Exogenous Benzoxazinoids on In Vitro Ruminal Fermentation and Degradability of Either Fresh or Ensiled Whole-Crop Maize-Based Diets in Cattle.

Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition·2025

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 28, 2026

Herbivore-induced Blueberry Volatiles and Intra-plant Signaling

Herbivore-induced Blueberry Volatiles and Intra-plant Signaling

Published on: December 18, 2011

Molecular Interactions Between Plants and Insect Herbivores.

Matthias Erb¹, Philippe Reymond²

¹Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, 3000 Bern, Switzerland;

Annual Review of Plant Biology

|February 21, 2019

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Plants and insects engage in complex molecular battles. This review details the genes and proteins governing plant defense against herbivores and how these discoveries shape our understanding of plant-insect interactions.

Keywords:

DAMP HAMP damage-associated molecular pattern herbivore-associated molecular pattern insect herbivory jasmonate plant defense signaling secondary metabolites

More Related Videos

Immunofluorescent Labeling of Plant Virus and Insect Vector Proteins in Hemipteran Guts

Immunofluorescent Labeling of Plant Virus and Insect Vector Proteins in Hemipteran Guts

Published on: May 14, 2021

Linking Predation Risk, Herbivore Physiological Stress and Microbial Decomposition of Plant Litter

Linking Predation Risk, Herbivore Physiological Stress and Microbial Decomposition of Plant Litter

Published on: March 12, 2013

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 28, 2026

Herbivore-induced Blueberry Volatiles and Intra-plant Signaling

Herbivore-induced Blueberry Volatiles and Intra-plant Signaling

Published on: December 18, 2011

Immunofluorescent Labeling of Plant Virus and Insect Vector Proteins in Hemipteran Guts

Immunofluorescent Labeling of Plant Virus and Insect Vector Proteins in Hemipteran Guts

Published on: May 14, 2021

Linking Predation Risk, Herbivore Physiological Stress and Microbial Decomposition of Plant Litter

Linking Predation Risk, Herbivore Physiological Stress and Microbial Decomposition of Plant Litter

Published on: March 12, 2013

Area of Science:

Plant biology
Molecular ecology
Chemical ecology

Background:

Plant-herbivore interactions are crucial for ecosystem function and agriculture.
Understanding the molecular basis of these interactions is key to developing sustainable pest management strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

To review genes and proteins involved in plant-herbivore interactions.
To discuss how their discovery has shaped the standard model of plant-herbivore interactions.
To highlight future research directions in unexplored dimensions of plant-insect interactions.

Main Methods:

Literature review of molecular processes in plant-herbivore interactions.
Analysis of signaling pathways, defense mechanisms, and herbivore counter-strategies.
Synthesis of established knowledge and identification of research gaps.

Main Results:

Plants perceive herbivore damage via molecular patterns, activating signaling cascades (e.g., Ca2+, reactive oxygen species, MAP kinases).
Plant defense involves phytohormones, secondary metabolites, transcription factors, toxins, and physical barriers.
Herbivores employ strategies like defense deactivation and signaling suppression to overcome plant defenses.

Conclusions:

The molecular basis of plant-herbivore interactions is well-established in model systems.
Future research should expand molecular approaches to diverse plant-insect systems.
Further investigation is needed to fully understand the complexity of these interactions.