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Updated: Jan 28, 2026

One-step Extraction and Zymographic Analysis of Bacterial Gelatinases
Published on: August 1, 2025
Urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin for diagnosis of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis
Tamer R Fouad1, Eman Abdelsameea1, Maha Elsabaawy1
11 Hepatology and Gastroenterology Department, National Liver Institute, Menofia University, Menofia Governate, Egypt.
Abstract:
Cirrhotic patients with ascites are at high risk of developing spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP). After exclusion of patients with acute kidney injury (AKI) or other infections, urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) levels were compared between two matched groups of Egyptian cirrhotic patients with ascites, mostly secondary to hepatitis C infection (98%). Group 1 had SBP (n = 41) and group 2 did not (n = 45). By univariate analysis, urinary-NGAL, high total bilirubin, serum creatinine, international normalised ratio and the Model of End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score and low platelet count were all significantly correlated with the presence of SBP, but only urinary-NGAL could independently predict development of SBP (P = 0.001). Urinary-NGAL at a cut-off value of 1225 pg/mL, showed a sensitivity of 95% and a specificity of 76%, and is therefore a most useful tool.
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