A vegetation configuration pattern with a high-efficiency purification ability for TN, TP, AN, AP, and COD based on
Guirong Hou1,2, Huaxing Bi3,4,5,6,7, Xinxiao Yu1
1College of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, 100083, Beijing, China.
Scientific Reports
|February 22, 2019
Summary
Different riparian forest patterns offer varying water purification efficiencies. Coniferous species are best near the riverbank (0-4m), while broad-leaved species are optimal further away (4-10m) for nutrient and COD removal.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Science
- Ecology
- Hydrology
Background:
- Riparian vegetation plays a crucial role in mitigating water pollution.
- Understanding optimal vegetation patterns is key for effective runoff purification systems.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify vegetation configurations that maximize the purification of total nitrogen, available nitrogen, total phosphorus, available phosphorus, and chemical oxygen demand.
- To assess the purification efficiency of different riparian forest types in the Luan River.
Main Methods:
- A water discharge experiment was conducted using five riparian forest patterns: pure broad-leaved, mixed broad-leaved, mixed coniferous and broad-leaved, mixed coniferous, and pure coniferous.
- Purification abilities were evaluated at varying distances from the river channel (1m, 2m, 4m, 7m, 10m).
Main Results:
- Pure broad-leaved (Pattern I) showed highest purification at 1m and 2m.
- Mixed coniferous and broad-leaved (Pattern III) was most effective at 4m.
- Pure coniferous (Pattern V) excelled at 7m, and mixed coniferous (Pattern IV) at 10m.
- Mixed broad-leaved (Pattern II) demonstrated the lowest purification efficiency across distances.
Conclusions:
- Vegetation configuration significantly impacts water purification efficiency.
- A strategic combination of coniferous and broad-leaved species, with coniferous prioritized closer to the riverbank (0-4m) and broad-leaved further away (4-10m), is recommended for optimal runoff purification.
Related Concept Videos
03:26Electron Configuration of Multielectron Atoms
64.9K
The alkali metal sodium (atomic number 11) has one more electron than the neon atom. This electron must go into the lowest-energy subshell available, the 3s orbital, giving a 1s22s22p63s1 configuration. The electrons occupying the outermost shell orbital(s) (highest value of n) are called valence electrons, and those occupying the inner shell orbitals are called core electrons. Since the core electron shells correspond to noble gas electron configurations, we can abbreviate electron...
64.9K
01:22Controller Configurations
370
Controller configurations are crucial in a car's cruise control system because they manage speed over time to maintain a consistent pace regardless of road conditions, thereby meeting design goals. In traditional control systems, fixed-configuration design involves predetermined controller placement. System performance modifications are known as compensation.
Control-system compensation involves various configurations, most commonly series or cascade compensation, in which the controller...
Control-system compensation involves various configurations, most commonly series or cascade compensation, in which the controller...
370
02:46Electron Configurations
26.1K
Electron configurations and orbital diagrams can be determined by applying the Aufbau principle (each added electron occupies the subshell of lowest energy available), Pauli exclusion principle (no two electrons can have the same set of four quantum numbers), and Hund’s rule of maximum multiplicity (whenever possible, electrons retain unpaired spins in degenerate orbitals).
The relative energies of the subshells determine the order in which atomic orbitals are filled (1s, 2s, 2p, 3s, 3p,...
The relative energies of the subshells determine the order in which atomic orbitals are filled (1s, 2s, 2p, 3s, 3p,...
26.1K
01:29Assessment of the Gastrointestinal System II: Health Perception Pattern
479
Assessing the gastrointestinal (GI) system is a complex process that begins with collecting subjective data. This data, collected through patient interviews, provides crucial insights into the patient's health history, perception patterns, and lifestyle habits, all contributing significantly to GI health.
Health Perception Patterns
Health perception patterns offer valuable insights into a patient's lifestyle habits and how they may impact their GI health. These patterns include:
Health Perception Patterns
Health perception patterns offer valuable insights into a patient's lifestyle habits and how they may impact their GI health. These patterns include:
479
01:16Configurations of BJT
1.1K
Bipolar Junction Transistors (BJTs) are categorized into various types based on their configurations, each with distinct characteristics and applications. The configurations are primarily differentiated by which terminal—base, emitter, or collector—is common to both the input and output circuits.
The common base configuration is noted for its high voltage gain, positioning it as an ideal choice for single-stage amplifier circuits, such as microphone pre-amplifiers. A notable...
The common base configuration is noted for its high voltage gain, positioning it as an ideal choice for single-stage amplifier circuits, such as microphone pre-amplifiers. A notable...
1.1K
01:23Stability of Equilibrium Configuration
791
Understanding the stability of equilibrium configurations is a fundamental part of mechanical engineering. In any system, there are three distinct types of equilibrium: stable, neutral, and unstable.
A stable equilibrium occurs when a system tends to return to its original position when given a small displacement, and the potential energy is at its minimum. An example of a stable equilibrium is when a cantilever beam is fixed at one end and a weight is attached to the other end. If the weight...
A stable equilibrium occurs when a system tends to return to its original position when given a small displacement, and the potential energy is at its minimum. An example of a stable equilibrium is when a cantilever beam is fixed at one end and a weight is attached to the other end. If the weight...
791