Analysis of Risk Factors for Patients with Liver Cirrhosis Complicated with Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis

We aimed to explore risk factors for patients with liver cirrhosis complicated with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP).

The clinical data of 195 patients with liver cirrhosis complicated with SBP (study group), admitted from March 2014 to March 2018 in Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China and 195 patients without liver cirrhosis complicated with SBP (control group) were retrospectively analyzed. Clinical manifestations of patients and laboratory findings were analyzed. Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analysis were used for independent risk factors for the occurrence of SBP.

There were significant differences in patients between study group and control group in Child-Pugh classification, peripheral blood white blood cell (WBC), serum C-reactive protein (CRP), serum total bilirubin (TBil), ascites WBC, ascites albumin (ALB), and the ratio of complicated with upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage, hepatorenal syndrome, hepatic encephalopathy and hyponatremia (P<0.01); Logistic regression analysis found that Child-Pugh classification, serum CRP, ascites WBC, ascites ALB, upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage, hepatorenal syndrome, hepatic encephalopathy and hyponatremia were related to the occurrence of SBP; and Child-Pugh classification, ascites ALB, upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage, hepatorenal syndrome and hyponatremia were its independent risk factors.

Child-Pugh classification, ascites ALB, upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage, hepatorenal syndrome and hyponatremia are independent risk factors for the occurrence of liver cirrhosis complicated with SBP. Cautions should be raised for patients with liver cirrhosis for this. In the early stage, we should make effective antibiotic anti-bacterial infection program, actively prevent and control the occurrence of SBP, improving the survival rate of patients.