Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder01:28

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

560
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a mental health condition characterized by recurrent obsessions, compulsions, or both, which consume significant time and interfere with daily functioning. Obsessions involve persistent, intrusive, and unwanted thoughts, images, or urges that evoke anxiety. Common examples include irrational fears of contamination or harm. Compulsions are repetitive behaviors or mental acts performed to reduce the anxiety caused by obsessions. For instance, individuals...
560
Personality Disorders: Dependent and Obsessive-Compulsive01:24

Personality Disorders: Dependent and Obsessive-Compulsive

437
Dependent personality disorder and obsessive-compulsive personality disorder are two separate psychological conditions that influence behavior, relationships, and overall life functioning. Though both involve maladaptive behaviors, their core characteristics and motivations differ significantly.
 Dependent Personality Disorder
Dependent personality disorder is characterized by an excessive reliance on others to manage various aspects of life. Individuals with this disorder often struggle...
437
Intrinsically Disordered Proteins02:18

Intrinsically Disordered Proteins

19.4K
Intrinsically disordered proteins are a group of proteins that do not fold into specific three-dimensional structures. Their structural flexibility allows them to complement ordered proteins to perform functions that are inaccessible to rigid structures. They are more common in eukaryotes than prokaryotes and may either be exclusively intrinsically disordered or hybrid proteins, consisting of a mix of ordered and disordered regions. The absence of a rigid structure in these proteins can be...
19.4K
Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin01:08

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin

5.1K
All atomic particles possess an intrinsic angular momentum, or 'spin'. Electrons, protons, and neutrons each have a spin value of ½, although protons and neutrons in nuclei may have higher half-integer spins owing to energetic factors.
Atomic nuclei have a net nuclear spin, , which can have an integer or half-integer value. In atomic nuclei, the spins of protons are paired against each other but not with neutrons, and vice versa. Consequently, an even number of protons does not contribute to...
5.1K
Atomic Nuclei: Magnetic Resonance01:05

Atomic Nuclei: Magnetic Resonance

1.2K
The number of nuclear spins aligned in the lower energy state is slightly greater than those in the higher energy state. In the presence of an external magnetic field, as the spins precess at the Larmor frequency, the excess population results in a net magnetization oriented along the z axis. When a pulse or a short burst of radio waves at the Larmor frequency is applied along the x axis, the coupling of frequencies causes resonance and flips the nuclear spins of the excess population from the...
1.2K
Bone Disorders01:29

Bone Disorders

5.3K
Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
5.3K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

The efficacy of an internet-based cognitive-behavioral program assisted by a new mobile application for patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Dusunen adam : Bakirkoy Ruh ve Sinir Hastaliklari Hastanesi yayin organi·2026
Same author

Disease course, survival, and genetic heterogeneity in chorea-acanthocytosis: a case series of 34 patients.

Journal of movement disorders·2026
Same author

Frontal brain injury alters human risky choices in self and other contexts.

iScience·2026
Same author

Chorea-Acanthocytosis: From Motor to Behavioral and Olfactory Profiles.

The Canadian journal of neurological sciences. Le journal canadien des sciences neurologiques·2026
Same author

Introducing a novel variant in the FTH1 gene; A closer look at FTH1-related neuroferritinopathy as a neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation (NBIA) disorder.

Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology·2026
Same author

A novel homozygous variant in the POLR1A gene: a complicated hereditary spastic paraplegia (c-HSP) or a hypomyelinating leukodystrophy type-27 (HLD27) phenotype?

Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 28, 2026

Signal Attenuation as a Rat Model of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
09:29

Signal Attenuation as a Rat Model of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder

Published on: January 9, 2015

15.9K

Raphe nuclei echogenicity changes in obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Nahid Mohammadzade1, Mohammad Reza Shalbafan2, Seyed Vahid Shariat2

  • 1Department of Neurology, Hazrat Rasool Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Medical Journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran
|February 22, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) patients did not show significantly decreased midbrain raphe nuclei (RN) echogenicity compared to controls. This finding suggests differences in the serotonergic system

Keywords:
EchogenicityObsessive-compulsive disorderRaphe nucleiTranscranial sonography

More Related Videos

Exploring the Neural Correlates of Cognitive Reappraisal in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Using Task-based Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging
09:14

Exploring the Neural Correlates of Cognitive Reappraisal in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Using Task-based Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Published on: March 14, 2025

947
Protocol for Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation with Symptom Provocation to Treat Obsessive-compulsive Disorder
11:11

Protocol for Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation with Symptom Provocation to Treat Obsessive-compulsive Disorder

Published on: November 25, 2025

307

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 28, 2026

Signal Attenuation as a Rat Model of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
09:29

Signal Attenuation as a Rat Model of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder

Published on: January 9, 2015

15.9K
Exploring the Neural Correlates of Cognitive Reappraisal in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Using Task-based Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging
09:14

Exploring the Neural Correlates of Cognitive Reappraisal in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Using Task-based Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Published on: March 14, 2025

947
Protocol for Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation with Symptom Provocation to Treat Obsessive-compulsive Disorder
11:11

Protocol for Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation with Symptom Provocation to Treat Obsessive-compulsive Disorder

Published on: November 25, 2025

307

Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Neurosonography
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • Serotonin system dysregulation is implicated in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) etiology.
  • Transcranial sonography (TCS) assesses subcortical brain structures noninvasively.
  • Midbrain raphe nuclei (RN) echogenicity is a potential biomarker.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate midbrain RN echogenicity in OCD patients using TCS.
  • To compare RN echogenicity between OCD patients and healthy controls.

Main Methods:

  • 35 OCD patients and 35 healthy controls were recruited.
  • OCD diagnosis was confirmed using DSM IV-TR criteria.
  • Echogenicity of midbrain RN was assessed via TCS and compared using chi-square test.

Main Results:

  • 42.9% of OCD patients and 31.4% of controls exhibited decreased midbrain RN echogenicity.
  • No statistically significant difference in midbrain RN echogenicity was found between OCD patients and controls (p=0.322).

Conclusions:

  • Decreased midbrain RN echogenicity, seen in major depression, was not observed in this OCD cohort.
  • This may indicate that OCD involves RN projections rather than RN serotonergic neurons themselves.