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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 28, 2026

Muscle Imbalances: Testing and Training Functional Eccentric Hamstring Strength in Athletic Populations

Muscle Imbalances: Testing and Training Functional Eccentric Hamstring Strength in Athletic Populations

Published on: May 1, 2018

Effects of Small-Sided Game Variation on Changes in Hamstring Strength.

Glenn Madison¹, Stephen David Patterson¹, Paul Read²

¹School of Sport, Health and Applied Science, St Mary's University, Twickenham, London, United Kingdom.

Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research

|February 22, 2019

Summary

Small-sided games (SSGs) in soccer can cause hamstring fatigue. Larger playing areas in SSGs lead to greater fatigue and reduced hamstring strength, especially with more accelerations. Adjusting pitch size can help manage this risk.

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Area of Science:

Sports Science
Exercise Physiology
Biomechanics

Background:

Small-sided games (SSGs) are a common conditioning method in soccer.
These training drills can induce player fatigue, potentially increasing hamstring injury risk.
Understanding the impact of SSG design on muscle fatigue is crucial for injury prevention.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the effects of varying relative pitch areas in small-sided games on hamstring strength.
To determine how different SSG configurations influence hamstring torque and fatigue in semiprofessional soccer players.

Main Methods:

A counterbalanced cross-over design was employed with 10 male semiprofessional soccer players.
Participants completed small (3v3, 300m²) and large (4v4, 1000m²) relative area SSGs.
Hamstring isometric torque was measured pre- and post-exercise using a NordBord, with movement and heart rate data collected via GPS.

Main Results:

Larger relative area SSGs resulted in significant decrements in peak hamstring force and mean hamstring force at 90° compared to smaller areas.
A higher number of accelerations during the SSGs was correlated with reduced peak hamstring torque at 90°.
Greater internal and external loads were observed in larger relative area SSGs.

Conclusions:

Larger relative area SSGs impose higher physical demands, leading to greater hamstring force decrements.
The number of accelerations is a key factor contributing to hamstring fatigue during SSGs.
Manipulating the relative pitch area offers a potential strategy to control hamstring fatigue and mitigate injury risk.